用于甲醇制烯烃的非均相催化反应器评述(4)

carbonium ion

endothermal reaction

weak totally very fast

更需要关注催化剂的含炭量与活性的关系，尽可能延长催化剂的活性工作期，这对限制催化剂返混提出了更高要求。此外，甲醇制烯烃为放热过程，需要采用移热或其他手段控制反应器温度；而催化裂化为吸热反应，再生器与反应器通过催化剂循环形成热量耦合，催化剂循环量需要同时满足反应活性及供热要求。由于甲醇制烯烃的反应器与再生器均为放热，二者之间没有热量耦合关系，因此两器之间的催化剂循环量仅由再生需求而定。

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4 结论

鉴于我国以煤炭为主的化石资源，煤化工的研

究与发展对我国意义尤其重大。甲醇制烯烃是煤制化学品的关键环节。分子筛催化剂作用下的甲醇制烯烃反应过程具有自催化、积炭失活、复杂反应体系及强放热的特点，因此对催化剂有结构与酸性控制等要求，对反应器有移热控温、更新催化剂以维持活性、限制气相与固相返混以提高活性与选择性等要求。流化床反应器及具有多级结构的分子筛催化剂是未来的发展方向。改进流化床反应器的关键在于如何有效降低气相与固相的返混。 References

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