课时作业2
Ⅰ.阅读理解Englisharoundtheworld
(2015·湖北省天门中学元月质检)
Heavysnowfallandchillingtemperaturesof－30℃donotstopcriminalsinnorthernRussia.
Nowpolicetryingtomaintainlawintheregionarestrugglingontheirsnowmobilesandwanttousereindeertocombatcrimeonthebleaktundra(阴冷的冻土地带)．
Theysaythatthatmammalsaremorereliablethantheirmachinesandcanrunfastondeepsnowthankstotheiradaptablehooves.
Someareasofthecountry'sArcticregionareonlyaccessiblebyreindeerandthelzvestianewspaperhasreportedthatagangofSiberia'sindigenous(本土的)peopleareusingreindeertomakeaspeedygetawayfromcrimescenes,leavingpoliceonsnowmobilesbehind.
Russianpolicechasingthecriminalstoldthenewspaperthattheirsnowmobilescanbreakdownandrunoutofgas—unlikereindeer.
IrinaPimkinafromtheregion'sInteriorsaid：“Ofcoursewehavesnowmobilesinservice,butoneshouldunderstandthatamachineisamachine.”“Asnowmobilecanbreakdownorgetstuckinthetundra,butthedeerwillrunatalltimes.”
Theforcebelievesthattheanimalswillgivethemanedgeinpolicingtheremoteareaandtheyhavebeenaskingforreindeerrecruitsfortwoyears.
Reindeer'shoovesareuniquebecausetheyadapttoseasonalweatherconditions,MotherNatureNetworkreported.
Whengroundissoftinthesummer,thebottomsoftheanimal'shoovesactlikespongestoprovidetraction(牵引力)，whiletherim(边缘)ofthehoofbecomesexposedinthewinter.
Thismeansthattheycancutintoiceandsnowtostopthemfromslipping.Theyevenusethemtodigdownthroughhardsnowsotheycanfindtheirfavoritefood—alichenknownasreindeermoss.
Thevisionofreindeermayalsoasnowmobile'slights,becausetheanimalscanseeultravioletlight.
Snowreflectsupto90percentofUVlightandthisabilityhelpstheanimalstoseeclearlyindimlightingandlandscapesthatarelargelywhite,wheremayobjectsblenduntothelandscape.
Thingslikefurandurine,forexample,showupclearlyinultravioletlight,comparedtowhathumanssee.
AstudybyUniversityCollegeLondon(UCL)revealedin2011thatreindeercanseelightwithwavelengthsasshortas320nanometers(nm),considerablybelowthehumanthresholdof400nm.
ResearchersfromtheUniversityofTromsdiscoveredthattheeyesofreindeerchangecoloraccordingtotheseasonstoo.
Whileitmayseemfunnythatpolicemencouldusereindeerlikeapolicecar,thecountry'snavyalreadyusesanimalstoenforcerules.
TheRussianDefenseMinistryusesdonkeystopatrol(巡逻)thecountry'smountainranges,whiletheNavyemployedthehelpofdolphinstoenablethemtodetectunderwatermines.
1．WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisNOTthereasonwhypolicewanttousereindeertochasecriminalsonsnow?
A．Theirhoovescanstopthemfromslipping.
B．Theycanseeultravioletlight.
C．Theirhoovesactlikespongestoprovidetraction.
D．Theywillrunatalltimes.
2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outperform”inParagraph11mean?
A．asstrongas
C．asgoodasB．strongerthanD．betterthan
3．Whatdoesthelasttwoparagraphsimply?
A．Theideaofusingreindeerasapolicecarisfunny.
B．Theideaofusinganimalstoenforcerulesisnotnew.
C．Animalsareclevererthanhumanbeings.
D．Dolphinscanhelpdetectunderwatermines.
4．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?
A．Mammalsaremorereliablethanmachines.
B．PoliceinnorthernRussianwanttousereindeertofightagainstcrime.
C．Theversionofreindeerisbetterthanman.
D．Reindeer'shoovescanadapttoseasonalweatherconditions.
答案与解析
1．C..butthedeerwillrunat细节理解题。从第六段最后一句．
alltimes.可知D项正确；从第十一小段．..becausetheanimalscanseeultravioletlight.可知B项正确；从第九小段Whengroundis...actlikespongestoprovidetraction(牵引力)．..可知A项正确。
2．D词义猜测题。从画线后的becausetheanimalscanseeultravioletlight可知D项正确。
3．B推理判断题。从最后两段内容可知B项正确。
4．B主旨大意题。从第二段Nowpolicetryingtomaintainlawintheregionare...andwanttousereindeertocombatcrime...可知B项正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
JoeSimpsonandSimonYateswerethefirstpeopletoclimbtheWestFaceoftheSiulaGrandeintheAndesmountains.Theyreachedthetop，butontheirwaybackconditionswereveryJoefellandbrokehisleg.TheybothknewthatifSimonalone,hewouldprobablygetbackButSimondecidedtoriskhisandtrytolowerJoedownthemountainonarope(绳)．
Astheydown,theweathergotworse.Thenanotheroccurred.Theycouldn'tseeorheareachotherand,，Simonloweredhisfriendovertheedgeofaprecipice(峭壁).ItwasJoetoclimbbackorforSimontopullhimup.Joe'swaspullingSimonslowlytowardstheprecipice.，aftermorethananhourinthedarkandtheicycold,SimonhadtoIntears,hecuttherope.Joeintoahugecrevasse(裂缝)intheicebelow.Hehadnofoodorwaterandhewasinterriblepain.Hecouldn'twalk,buthetogetoutofthecrevasseandstartedtotowardstheircamp,nearlytenkilometersSimonhadthecampatthefootofthemountain.HethoughtthatJoemustbe，buthedidn'twanttoleaveThreedayslater,inthemiddleofthenight,heheardJoe'svoice.Hecouldn'tit.Joewasthere,afewmetersfromtheirtent,stillalive.
1．A.hurriedly
C．successfullyB．carefullyD．early
2．A.difficultC．special3．A.climbedC．rested4．A.unwillinglyC．slowly5．A.fortuneC．health6．A.layC．went7．A.damageC．change8．A.bymistakeC．bychoice9．A.unnecessaryC．important10．A.heightC．strength11．A.FinallyC．Surely12．A.standbackC．makeadecision13．A.jumpedC．escaped14．A.managed
B．similarD．normalB．workedD．continuedB．safelyD．regretfullyB．timeD．lifeB．settledD．lookedB．stormD．troubleB．bychanceD．byluckB．practicalD．impossibleB．weightD．equipmentB．PatientlyD．QuicklyB．takearestD．holdonB．fellD．backedB．planned
C．waited15．A.runC．move16．A.aroundC．above17．A.headedforC．leftfor18．A.deadC．weak19．A.secretlyC．immediately20．A.findC．make
D．hopedB．skateD．marchB．awayD．alongB．traveledtoD．returnedtoB．hurtD．lateB．tiredlyD．anxiouslyB．believeD．accept
答案与解析
乔和西蒙是首批登上安第斯山脉SiulaGrande峰的人，但在下山时，由于气候条件的变化，乔失足摔下，虽然摔断了一条腿，但三天后西蒙听到乔的声音出现在离他们帐篷几米远的地方。
1．C
根据空后的“butontheirwayback...”可推知他们成功登
顶，故选successfully。
2．A由空后的“Joefellandbrokehisleg.”可推知当时的气候条件一定很糟糕，故选difficult。
3．D
上句提到了乔失足摔下，故此处用continued表示“他
们两个都知道，如果西蒙独自继续下去的话”。
4．B此处用safely表示“他大概能够安全地返回。”5．D
fortune“运气，财富”；time“时间”；health“健
康”；life“生命”。此处用life表示“但是西蒙决定拿自己的生命去冒险”。
6．C此处用went表示“当他们往山下去的时候，天气变得更加糟糕。”
7．D由上句中的“theweathergotworse”可知，另外的麻烦出现了，故选trouble。
8．A由于上句提到了“Theycouldn'tseeorheareachother”，所以此处应选择bymistake，表示“他错误地把他的朋友降到了峭壁的边缘”。
9．D由上句的“loweredhisfriendovertheedgeofaprecipice(峭壁)”可知，对乔来说，爬回来或者西蒙把他拽回来是不可能的，故选D项。
10．B由于乔在峭壁的边缘，所以他的体重把西蒙也慢慢地拉向了峭壁。故选B项。
11．A由“aftermorethananhourinthedarkandtheicycold”可知，此处用Finally表示“最终……”。
12．C
断绳子”。
13．B既然西蒙把绳子割断了，所以乔掉进了下面一个巨大的冰缝里。故选fell。
14．A由上句的“Hecouldn'twalk”以及空前的but可知此处此处用makeadecision表示“西蒙不得不下决心，割用managed表示“他设法从冰缝中爬了出去”。
15．C由第一段内容可知，此处应选择move表示“朝他们的营地移动”。
16．B表示“他们的营地在接近10千米远的地方”要用
away。
17．Dheadfor“前往”；travelto“到……去”；leavefor“动身去……”；returnto“回到……”。此处用returnedto表示“西蒙已经回到了山脚下的营地。”
18．A由空后的“buthedidn'twanttoleave”可知此处应选择dead与该段最后的alive呼应，表示“他认为乔一定死了。”
19．C此处用immediately表示“他不想马上离开。”20．B此处用believe表示“他不敢相信这件事情是真的：乔就在距离他们的帐篷几米远的地方，仍然活着”。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2015·河南省周口市月考)
A：IlikeEnglishverymuch.Onereasonisitisimportantandusedininternationalbusiness.
B：Yes.Itplaysanimportantpartthemodernworld.presentalargenumberofpeoplelearningitandthenumberofthepeoplelearningEnglishincreasing.
A：allknow,therearealotofusedindailycommunication.CouldyouspeakstandardEnglish?
B：No,butbelieveornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.WhatweneedtodoistospeakfluentEnglishandmakeusethelanguageasoftenaspossible.
A：Maybeyouareright.Let'stryourbest.
答案与解析
1．thatthat引导表语从句，无意义，也不充当任何句子成分。
2．frequently修饰实义动词用副词。
3．inplayanimportantpartin在……中起作用。
4．Atatpresent目前，现在。
5．arealargenumberof...作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
6．isthenumberof...作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
7．Asasweallknow就我们所知。
8．expressionsalotof后跟复数名词。
9．itbelieveitornot信不信由你。
10．ofmakeuseof利用。
Ⅳ.短文改错
DearLucy，
Iamveryexcitedtolearnthatyou'recomingtoXi'anfortravel.Bothmyparentmissyoualot.Soisourfriend,Ruby.AprilisbesttimeoftheyeartovisitXi'an.Thereisonlyafewrainandtheweatherisneithertoohotortoocold.TherearesomanyplacesIwantedtotakeyoutoafterIfinishmyworklikeavolunteerinthelocalcharity.Whenyoucome,youcanstaywithourselves.MyhouseisaboutthreekilometersfarawayfromXi'anMoslemStreetwhereisfulloflocalfoods.
Bestregards，
Janet
答案
DearLucy，
Iamveryexcitedtolearnthatyou'recomingtoXi'anfortravel.Bothmymissyoualot.Soourfriend,Ruby.Aprilis∧
parentsdoesthebesttimeoftheyeartovisitXi'an.Thereisonlyarainandthe
little
weatherisneithertoohottoocold.TherearesomanyplacesI
nor
totakeyoutoafterIfinishmyworkavolunteerinthewantas
localcharity.Whenyoucome,youcanstaywith.Myhouse
us
isaboutthreekilometersfar＼awayfromXi'anMoslemStreetwhich
isfulloflocalfoods.
Bestregards，
Janet
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