400t梁场门式起重机设计

二〇一三年一月二十一日星期一279279211.DOC

毕业设计

400t梁场门式起重机设计

摘 要

本设计以梁场门式起重机结构设计为设计目标，内容包括主梁、支腿、上下

横梁等结构的设计。重点为部分结构的载荷计算及载荷组合。其设计很好的体现

了结构力学、材料力学在金属结构件和起重机运输中的重要运用。我国的铁路工

业进入了快速发展的轨道，梁场门式起重机因其在露天作业环境中有其它类型起

重机无法替代的优势，因此对其进行研究、创新，使其结构更合理，使用更方便，具有重要的战略和现实意义。

关键词：门式起重机、金属结构、载荷计算

ABSTRACT

The design Beam field gantry crane design goals for design, including the main

beam, legs, upper and lower beams and other structures. Focus on part of the structure of the load and load combinations. Good indication of the design of structural mechanics, mechanics of materials in the metal structure and the importance of transport used cranes. China’s railways industry has entered a rapid development track, Beam field gantry crane in its operating environment in the open air there are other types of cranes can not be replaced advantage, so its research, innovation, its structure is more reasonable, More convenient, has important strategic and practical significance.

Key word: Gantrycranes，metal structure，load calculation

目 录

1.绪论 .......................................................................................................................................... 1

2.金属结构设计计算 .......................................................................................................... 4

2.1基本设计参数 ................................................................................................................ 4

2.2载荷 ................................................................................................................................... 4

2.3 抗倾覆稳定性 ............................................................................................................... 6

2.4 金属结构的截面几何特性......................................................................................... 6

2.5 主梁强度计算 ............................................................................................................... 8

2.6主梁静刚度 ..................................................................................................................... 9

2.7主梁整体稳定性验算 ................................................................................................... 9

2.8主梁局部稳定性验算 ................................................................................................... 9

2.9主梁拼接设计 .............................................................................................................. 11

2.10支腿强度计算 ............................................................................................................ 12

2.11支腿整体稳定性计算 ............................................................................................... 14

2.12支腿局部稳定性计算 .............................................................................................. 14

2.13支腿拼接设计 ............................................................................................................ 14

3.起升机构设计计算 ........................................................................................................ 17

3.1概述 ................................................................................................................................. 17

3.2钢丝绳选择 ................................................................................................................... 17

3.3卷筒 ................................................................................................................................. 17

3.4电动机选择 ................................................................................................................... 19

3.5开式齿轮传动 .............................................................................................................. 20

3.6减速器选择 ................................................................................................................... 20

3.7制动器的选择 .............................................................................................................. 20

3.8高速轴联轴器 .............................................................................................................. 21

3.9低速轴联轴器 .............................................................................................................. 21

3.10液压失效保护制动器 .............................................................................................. 21

3.11机构起动时间计算 ................................................................................................... 21

3.12零件疲劳计算实例 ................................................................................................... 22

3.13吊杆的强度校核 ........................................................................................................ 24

4.大车走行机构设计计算 .............................................................................................. 26

4.1概述 ................................................................................................................................. 26

4.2运行静阻力 ................................................................................................................... 26

4.3电动机的选择与计算 ................................................................................................. 27

4.4选择减速器 ................................................................................................................... 27

4.5选择缓冲器 ................................................................................................................... 27

4.6车轮与轨道 ................................................................................................................... 28

5.起重小车牵引机构设计计算 ................................................................................... 30

5.1概述 ................................................................................................................................. 30

5.2运行静阻力 ................................................................................................................... 30

5.3牵引绳的选择 .............................................................................................................. 30

5.4卷筒的选择 ................................................................................................................... 30

5.5选择电动机 ................................................................................................................... 31

5.6选择减速机 ................................................................................................................... 31

5.7选择联轴器 ................................................................................................................... 32

5.8选择制动器 ................................................................................................................... 32

5.9小车车轮的强度计算 ................................................................................................. 33

6.结论与展望 ........................................................................................................................ 34 参考文献 ................................................................................................................................... 35 致谢 .............................................................................................................................................. 36

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