第一部分
Ⅰ.阅读理解导学号02281025选修八Module1-2
(2015·内蒙古包头一中三模)
Electriccarsaredirty.Infact,notonlyaretheydirty,theymightevenbemoredirtythantheirgasoline-poweredcousins.
PeopleinCalifornialovetotalkabout“zero-emissions(排放)vehicles”，butpeopleinCaliforniaseemtoaboutwhereelectricitycomesfrom.Powerplantsmostlyusefiretomakeit.Asidefromthefewfolkswhohavetheirroofscoveredwithsolarceils,wegetourelectricityfromgenerators(发电机).Generatorsarefueledbysomething—usuallycoal,oil,andalsobyheatgeneratedinnuclearpowerplants.Thereareafewwindfarmsandgeothermal(地热的)plantsaswell,butbyfarwegetelectricitymainlybyburningsomething.
Inotherwords,those“zero-emissions”carsarelikelycoal-burningcars.It'sjustbecausethecoalisburnedsomewhereelse,soitlooksclean.Itisnot.It'sasiftheCaliforniagreensarecoveringtheireyes—“IfIcan'tseeit,it'snothappening.”Gasolineisanunbelievablyefficientwaytopoweravehicle;agallonofgashasalotofenergyinit.Butwhenyoutakethatgas[oranotherfuel]andfirstuseittomakeelectricity,youwasteanicepartofthatenergy,mostlyintheformofwastedheat—atthegenerator,throughthetransmissionlines,etc.
Agallonofgasmaypropelyourcar25miles.Buttheelectricityyougetfromthatgallonofgaswon'tgetyounearlyasfar—soelectriccarsburnmorefuelthangas-poweredones.Ifourelectricitycamemostlyfromgeothermal,orhydro,orsolar,orwind,thenanelectriccartrulywouldbeclean.Butforpolitical,technical,andeconomicreasons,wedon'tusemuchofthoseenergysources.Inaddition,electriccars'batterieswhicharepoisonousforalongtimewilleventuallyendupinalandfill(垃圾)andfinally,whencarsarethepolluters,thepollutionisspreadacrossalltheroads.Whenit'sapowerplant,though,allthejunkisinoneplace.Natureisverygoodatcleaningupwhenthingsarenottooconcentrated,butittakesalotlongerwhenallthegarbageisinonespot.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了电能汽车并不环保。
1．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A．Electriccarsarenotcleanatall.
B．Electriccarsarebetterthangasoline-poweredones.
C．Peoplehavedoubtsaboutelectriccars'batteries.
D．Gasolineisaneffectivewaytopoweravehicle.
答案：A主旨大意题。第一段指明了本文主旨“电能汽车并不清洁”，随后的几段都是通过各种证据来证明这一论点的。故选A项。
2．Theunderlinedwords“beclueless”mean________.
A．knownothingB．haveconfidence
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