定语从句
1．定语：修饰名词，把名词“定住”
I don’t like lazy people.
I don’t like (不信守承诺).
先行词 关系词
2．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。定语从句在句中相当于形容词
3．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词关系词：引导定语从句的词
4：解题步骤
1. 找出先行词，以及先行词在从句中作的成分（是指人，指物，还是作状语）；
2. 确定先行词在从句中的成分：主语，宾语，状语；
3. 选择正确的关系词。
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（一）关系代词与关系副词
1. 关系代词
(人、物—主;宾) （物—主;宾） (人— 主;宾）（人— 宾） （人的、物的）(人、物—主;宾)
Eg: 他是那位想见你的人。（who/that在从句中作主语）
他是那位我昨天见过的人。 (whom/that在从句中作宾语，常省略）
你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语,常省略)
2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：
我们冲过去帮助那位车子坏了的人 封皮) is green.
请把那本封皮是绿色的书递给我。
即时练习1：
1.The factory____________produces pens is far from here.
2.The factory_____________we’ll visit next week is far from here.
3.The girl______________lives next to us is Mary.
4.The girl______________you saw yesterday is Mary.
5.The girl_____________ hair is yellow is Mary.
6.The room_____________windows are open is mine.
2. 关系副词
关系副词
（时间） （地点） （原因）
........the reason why.......
我仍然记得我第一次上学的那天。
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拒绝我们的提议).
即时练习2：
1.The factoryMr. Li used to work was closed last week.
2.I’llwe met for the first time.
3.I don’tdidn’t come to the school.
I was born.
you missed the plane.
6.(2014，湖南，31) I am look forward to the day _________my daughter can read this book and know my feelings.
附表：
即时练习3： is liked by most boys.
3.He is the man _______lives next door.
4.The train ________has just left is for Shenzhen.(刚开走的火车是开往深圳的)
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6.The film _____ they went to see last night was not interesting at all.
roof has fallen in.
father is a doctor.
（二）限制性和非限制性定语从句
定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确； 非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了不影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通
常用逗号分开。
① This is the house which we bought last month. （限制性）
② The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.（非限制性）. 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓 语动词要用第三人称单数。 Eg: Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.
液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。（which
引导的代替Liquid water changes to vapor）
1. He lives in Beijing, _______is about five hour’s ride from here.
2. My house,________I bought last year, has got a lovely garden..
3.This note was left by Tom, ______was here a moment ago(刚才).
4.My father, ________is a teacher, is very strict with us. .
5. The fire lasted for a whole night, _______caused great damage.
6. (2015,北京，24)Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, _______you can hear some lovely music.
对面是保罗大教堂，在那里，你能听见美秒的音乐
7.(2015，福建，34) China Today《今日中国)》attracts a worldwide readership（全世界
的读者）, ______shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about
China.
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三、限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的情况
1．当先行词是everything, anything, nothing ,something., all, none, few, little, some等代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。如：
Eg: Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said? 李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？
2．当先行词前有序数词(the first ), the only(唯一), the very(恰恰，正好), any,few, little, no 或形容词的最高级修饰
Eg: The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。
After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns. 家里发生了火灾过后，那辆旧车成了他的唯一拥有。
3．当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时
Eg: Who is the man that is standing by the gate? 站在门口的那个人是谁？
Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 哪件T恤衫最合我的身？
4. 当先行词既有人又有物时。
Eg: They talked about the people and things that they remembered at school 他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。
即时练习5
1.The first place_______ they visited in London was the Big Ben.
2.Who is the man______is standing there?
3.Have you taken down everything ______ Mr.Li said?
4.I can remember the teacher and his lessons _________ give me a most lasting impression.
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四、 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
定语从句中的介词或定语从句的谓语动词中部分的介词有时会提到关系代词的前面，形成“介词+关系代词”的结构。使用该结构时要注意以下几个问题：
1. 介词的确定
该结构中的介词应根据定语从句的谓语部分的习惯搭配或介词与先行词的搭配来确定。 Eg: Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands?（根据shake hands with...确定）
2. 关系代词的使用
介词放在关系代词之前时，关系代词不用that,。指物时用which, 指人时用whom, 作定语时用whose。
Eg: The factory in which he once worked torn down.
The woman to whom I talked just now is my English teacher.
3. 不定代词或数词+of+关系代词，常在定语从句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。 Eg: China has a lot of islands, one of which is Taiwan.
There are a lot of students here, none of whom like the film.
5.替代when
Eg: I’ll never forget the days on which (when) we studied together
6. 替代where
Eg: This is the town in which (where) Shakespeare was born..
7. 替代why
Eg: There is reason for which(why) we should be friends.
即时练习6
1. I’d like you to explain the reason __________you were absent.
2. I forgot the exact（精确的） place _________I had hidden the box.
3. Here are the questions, some of ______I thought difficult for you.
4. Present at the meeting（出席会议的人） were almost experts on DNA, most of _______came from the US.
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五、as引导的定语从句
As引导限定性定语从句
1) such+名词+as.... 像......一样的, 像......之类的
2) Such+as...... 像......一样的
3) The same +名词+as....... 和......同样的
Eg: We have found such materials as is used in their factory.(as作主语) 我们找到了和工厂使用的一样的材料。
I have the same book as he has.(as作宾语)
我有一本与他一样的书。
As引导非限定性定语从句，译为“正如......”往往置于句首，但有例外。 Eg: As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. 正如每个人知道的，月球每月绕地球一次。
As you see, the Chinese people are hard-working.
正如你看到的，中国人是勤奋的
There is no simple answer, as is often the case in science.
科学往往就是这样，它没有一个简单的答案.
即时练习7：
She is such a girl_______is always finding fault with other people.
______is known to us all, China has the largest population in the world.
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即时练习1
1. That/which 2. (which/that) 3. Who/that 4. Whom/that
5. Whose6. Whose
即时练习2
1. Where 2. When 3. Why 5 where 6. Why 7. When 即时练习3
1. That/which 2. Which/that 3. Who 4. Which 5. Why 6. That/which
7. Where8. Which/that 9. Whose 10. Whose
即时练习4
1.Which 2. Which 3. Who 4.who 5. Which
6. Where 7. Which
即时练习5
1-5 that
即时练习6
1. For which/why 2. In which/where 3. Which 4. Whom
即时练习7
1.as 2.as
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