高三英语阅读分层练习（二）
（A）
While some of the best professional big-wave surfers in the world looked out over 40-foot waves crashing onto the shores of Oahu’s Waimea Bay, the __1__ seemed disappointingly clear. The Quicksilver Invitation surfing competition had to be canceled. The waves were just too__2__.
But on that same late-January day, relatively unknown big-wave rider Greg Russ had to be physically __3__ by lifeguards from launching out into the biggest surf in more than a decade. The guards were interfering with his right to make __4__, he said.
The incentive: $50,000 from the surf-equipment manufacturer K2 to anyone who can ride the biggest wave of the year and get it __5__.
From ice climbing to mountain biking to big-wave surfing, more people are becoming extreme athletes, putting their lives in danger for the__6__ thrill. But the K2 contest, and the growing popularity of extreme sports worldwide, has raised questions about the financial and human__7__ for athletes and rescuers who watch over them. For many, the incident at Waimea perfectly__8__ the dangers unleashed when big money, big egos, and big challenges are mixed.
Although exact figures on how many extreme athletes exist are hard to come by, isolated statistical evidence __9__ a rapid increase. For example, the number of climbers__10__ to climb Alaska’s 20,300-foot Mt. McKinley---the tallest peak in North America---increased from 695 in 1984 to 1,100 in 1997.
“It’s a numbers deal, and clearly there are more people getting hurt than there were when I started doing__11__ 20 years ago,” says Dan Burnett, a mission coordinator with the all-volunteer Summit County Search and Rescue Group in Colorado. “We’re responding in areas now that even four years ago I would have thought we didn’t need to check because __12__goes there.”
Some strides have been made toward creating a(n) __13__ extreme-sports world. Three years ago, Denali National Park in Alaska, __14__, instituted a mandatory $ 150 fee for climbers seeking to ascend Mt. McKinley. The fee pays for an educational program that park rangers credit with dramatically __15__ the number of search-and-rescue missions and fatalities. 1. A. decision 2. A. small 3. A. restarted 4. A. progress 5. A. on duty 6. A. apparent 7. A. consequence 8. A. becomes 9. A. picks out10. A. attempting
B. surprise B. light
B. restrained B. money B. on sale B. strange B. willingness B. appears B. points toB. agreeing
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C. devotion C. big C. related
C. preparations C. on film C. astonishing C. penalty C. scores C. picks up
C. looking forward D. mission D. deep D. recorded D. limitsD. on average D. ultimate D. position D. illustrates D. points out D. demanding
11. A. engineering
12. A. somebody
13. A. cheaper
14. A. in a word
15. A. increasing B. award B. nobody B. easier B. above all B. reducing C. rescues C. anyone C. further C. for instance C. accepting
（B） D. researches D. none D. safer D. in addition to D. promoting
Irene’s mother stood in the doorway, tears streaming down as she sobbed, body quivering. The door had just slammed moments before. In all of her ten years of wisdom, she had learnt too many things to last her a lifetime. She learnt the glance her mother would give her father when he came home late, walking funny and stumbling into the furniture. She learnt the sadness in her mother’s face as she tucked her in and daddy still had not come home. She hated the dark, cold stares they gave each other all the time.
But now, seeing her mother leaning against the door, she just had to do something. Long moments passed. She felt awkward and nervous, not knowing what to do, what to say or what was happening. She swore then and there that she was not going to be like that with her husband, not with her kids standing by.
The thought of her friend, Matilda, came to her mind. Matilda had parents that said nice things to each other. They held hands and took her great places like Disneyland. “Why can’t my parents be like that?” she thought to herself.
Irene took a deep breath and ran up to her mommy and hugged her as tightly as her small arms possibly could. She whispered, “ I love you, mommy. I really do.” Then she leaned up to kiss her neck. She held her close and she could feel the smile against her cheek, and her damp eyelashes too.
“Baby,” she said, “ I love you so much it hurts. I’m so sorry. I wish things were better for you, I do. I didn’t bring you into this world to live like this.”
16. What kept Irene’s father out so late every night?
A. He was out drinking. B. He always had to work late.
C. He did not like being home. D. He wanted to avoid seeing Irene and her mother.
17. Why did Irene swear not to fight with her husband in front of her kids?
A. She felt it was not fair to them.
B. She wanted her children to have a perfect life.
C. She knew how traumatic it would be for them.
D. She did not want them to be exposed to negative behavior.
18. Why did Irene feel she had to do something when she saw her mother crying at the
doorway?
A. She felt awkward and nervous.
B. She felt the need to comfort her mother.
C. That was her way of reacting to the situation.
D. She was angry with her father for reducing her mother to tears.
19. What emotion was Irene’s mother experiencing in the last paragraph?
A. Guilt B. Anger C. Contempt D. Regret
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(C)
One thinks of princes and presidents as some of the most powerful people in the world; however, governments, elected or otherwise, sometimes have had to struggle with the financial powerhouses called tycoons. The word tycoon is relatively new to the English language. It is Chinese in origin but was given as a title to some Japanese generals. The term was brought to the United States, in the late nineteenth century, where it eventually was used to refer to magnates who acquired immense fortunes from sugar and cattle, coal and oil, rubber and steel, and railroads. Some people called these tycoons “capitals of industry” and praised them for their contributions to U.S. wealth and international stature. Others criticized them as ruthless “robber barons”, who would stop at nothing in pursuit of personal wealth.
The early tycoons built successful businesses, often taking over smaller companies to eliminate competition. A single company that came to control an entire market was called a monopoly. Monopolies made a few families very wealthy, but they also placed a heavy financial burden on consumers and the economy at large.
As the country expanded and railroads linked the East Coast to the West Coast, local monopolies turned into national corporations called trusts. A trust is a group of companies that join together under the control of a board of trustees. Railroad trusts are an excellent example. Railroads were privately owned and operated and often monopolized various routes, setting rates as high as they desired. The financial burden this placed on passengers and businesses increased when railroads formed trusts. Farmers, for example, had no choice but to pay, as railroads were the only means they could use to get their grain to buyers. Exorbitant (过高的)freight rates put some farmers out of business.
There were even accusations that the trusts controlled government itself by buying votes and manipulating elected officials. In 1890 Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust. Act, legislation aimed at breaking the power of such trusts. The Sherman Antitrust Act focused on two main issues. First of all, it made illegal any effort to interfere with the normal conduct of interstate trade. It also made it illegal to monopolize any part of business that operates across state lines.
Over the next 60 years or so, Congress enacted other antitrust laws in an effort to encourage competition and restrict the power of larger corporations.
20. The Sherman Antitrust Act_______________________.
A. affected only the companies doing business within state lines
B. sought to eliminate monopolies in favor of competition in the market-place
C. promoted trade with a large number of nations
D. provides a financial advantage to the buyer
21. One might infer from this passage that lower prices _________________.
A. are more likely to exist in a competitive market economy
B. usually can be found only in an economy based on monopolies
C. matter only to people who are poor and living below the poverty level
D. are regulated by the government
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22. It seems likely that many Americans_____________________.
A. believed that the trusts had little influence over government
B. expected the wealthy magnates to share money with the poor
C. did little to build up American business
D. were worried that trusts might manipulate the government
(D)
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)
One of the major reasons the reef is so fascinating to scientists and tourists is its infinite variety. They come in various shapes and sizes, ranging from more than a few thousand meters in area to over one hundred and twenty square kilometers. Some of the very outer reefs are up to expose themselves while others remain fully submerged. The beauty of the reefs can only be truly appreciated from an aerial view.
About two thousand eight hundred species of fish are known to live in the reef region. It could take many years for scientists to come up with a complete list of all the plants and animals found on any one reef. Many species are still to be identified and named, showing a staggering diversity of life.
Coral reefs start out small and grow about half an inch a year. If undisturbed by man, however, they can grow to be quite big. The Great Barrier Reef off the northeast coast of Australia is one good example! Reefs grow best in sunny, shallow, clear water. They rarely grow deeper than forty meters and they prefer salt water. The appropriate temperatures and salinities are most often found in the tropics.
Coral reefs are important because they provide protection and shelter for many different species of fish. Without coral reefs, these fish are left homeless with nowhere to live or to have their babies. Not only do these fish increase the diversity of our world but also reef fish and mollusks feed between thirty and forty million people every year. They also make beautiful pets and the money made by catching and selling these animals provides many people with an income to feed their families.
Coral are also very important in controlling how much carbon dioxide is in the ocean. Without coral, the amount of carbon dioxide in the water would rise drastically and that would affect all living things on Earth.
Lastly, coral reefs are very important because they protect the coasts from strong currents and waves by slowing down the water before it gets to the shore. That is why they are called barrier reefs. They provide a barrier between the ocean and the shore.
23. The vehicles one must take to be able to see the full extent of the reefs might be _______________________.
24. From the passage, write the phrase that means that there are a great variety of plants and animals in the ocean. ____________________________
25. Why do you think reefs require clear and shallow water to grow?
They require clear and shallow water so that __________________________.
26. Explain why the coral reefs are also called barrier reefs.
__________________________________________________________________. 4
(E)
The modern Olympic Games, founded in 1896, began as contests between individuals, rather than among nations, with the hope of promoting world peace through sportsmanship. In the beginning, the games were open only to amateurs. An amateur is a person whose involvement in an activity---from sports to science or the arts---is purely for pleasure. Amateurs, whatever their contributions to a field, expect to receive no form of compensation ; professionals, in contrast, perform their work in order to earn a living.
From the perspective of many athletes, however, the Olympic playing field has been far from level. Restricting the Olympics to amateurs has precluded（排除） the participation of many who could not afford to be unpaid. Countries have always desired to send their best athletes, not their wealthiest ones, to the Olympic Games.
A slender and imprecise line separates what we call “financial support” from “earning money.” Do athletes “earn money” if they are reimbursed（补偿） for travel expenses? What if they are paid for time lost at work or if they accept free clothing from a manufacturer or if they teach sports for a living? The runner Eric Liddell was the son of poor missionaries; in 1924 the British Olympic Committee financed his trip to the Olympics, where he won a gold and a bronze medal. College scholarships and support from the United States Olympic Committee made it possible for American track stars Jesse Owens and Wilma Rudolph and speed skater Dan Jansen to train and compete. When the Soviet Union and its allies joined the games in 1952, the definition of amateur became still muddier. Their athletes did not have to balance jobs and training because as citizens in communist regimes, their government financial support was not considered payment for jobs.
In 1971 the International Olympic Committee(IOC) removed the word amateur from the rules, making it easier for athletes to find the support necessary to train and compete. In 1986 the IOC allowed professional athletes into the games.
There are those who regret the disappearance of amateurism from the Olympic Games. For them the games lost something special when they became just another way for athletes to earn money. Others say that the designation of amateurism was always questionable; they argue that all competitors receive so much financial support as to make them paid professionals. Most agree, however, that the debate over what constitutes an “amateur” will continue for a long time.
27. One might infer that _______________________.
A. developing Olympic-level skills in athletes is costly
B. professional athletes are mostly interested in financial rewards
C. amateurs does not expect to earn money at the sport that is played
D. amateurs athletes have a better attitude than professionals do
28. The statement “the playing field has been far from level” means that__________.
A. the ground the athletes played on was in bad condition
B. the poorer players were given some advantages
C. the rules did not work the same way for everyone
D. amateurs were inferior to the professionals in many ways
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29. The financial support given to athletes by the Soviet government can best be compared
to ________________.
A. a gift received on a special occasion, such as a birthday
B. money received from a winning lottery ticket
C. an allowance paid to a child
D. Money from charity organization
30. One can conclude that the Olympic Organizing Committee _________________.
A. has held firm to its original vision of the Olympic games
B. has struggled with the definition of amateur over the years
C. regards itself as an organization for professional athletes only
D. did nothing but stop allowing communists to participate
(F)
Inevitably, as you try to make progress you will need the help of others. Getting this help may have less to do with your formal position and authority and more to do with your strategy and approach, which can range from a simple favor to convincing others to accept a priority of yours as if it were their own.
Define what needs to be done. Indistinct goals lead to indistinct results. By defining all the tasks required, you increase the likelihood of success. Be sure to include status reports and deadlines as you define specific action items that are needed.
Ask an individual for help. When you make a general request for volunteers during a meeting, colleagues often interpret it as “whoever doesn’t have much of anything to do can work on this”. Your chances of getting someone to volunteer thus tend to be slim. However, if you think about who might best be able to help with a task and then specifically ask that person for help, your odds of getting him or her to accept the task increase dramatically.
Thank others for their assistance. Always thank and acknowledge others for their help. The person will feel that his or her time and energy were appreciated. In addition, you will likely to be able to call on the person again in the future for assistance. But remember to return the favor when he or she needs your help. Such give-and-take behavior could lead to a valuable alliance.
Distribute your honor. If you’re congratulated for a job well done, let your supervisors know who helped you do it. Giving credit where credit is due will not only ingratiate（讨…欢心） you with your helper, but it will impress the bosses into considering you for future promotion. After all, the best managers remain those who are best at getting others to help them complete their work for the common good.
31. Your success in getting others’ help will mainly result from ________.
A. your authority B. your position C. your relationship D. your methods
32. You will likely be able to get help from others if you _________.
A. ask if there is anyone free to help you B. make a general request during a meeting
C. ask the specific person for help directly D. seek for volunteers in your colleagues
33. You should thank others for their help so that ___________.
A. they’ll spend more time and energy to help you
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B. they’ll return the favor when needing help
C. they’ll think what they’ve done is worthy
D. they’ll make a strong alliance with you
34. According to the passage, after getting credit you should not __________.
A. ask your boss to give you a promotion
B. share your credit with the helper
C. let your boss know who helped you
D. distribute credit to your boss if he helped you
35. This passage mainly discuss ________________.
A. how to get a promotion B. how to get others’ help
C. how to make a progress
D. how to get along with colleagues 7
(A) ACBBC DADBA CBDCB
(B) ACBA
(C)BAD
(D). an aeroplane or helicopter
. The phrase is “showing a staggering diversity of life” . sunlight will be able to reach them
. Because they provide a barrier between the ocean and the shore. (E) ACCB
(F) DCCAB
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