高三英语阅读分层练习阅读（三）
（A）
The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illness may be if individuals would make sound personal health choices of choice and do not like to see it when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society. The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our personal decisions that may our health. If we so desire, we can smoke, drink excessively, refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever foods we want, and live a sedentary(久坐的)life-style without any exercise. The 6 to make such personal decisions is the fundamental aspect of our society, Personal choices know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be by friends into believing it is a socially thing to do.
A multitude of , both inherited and environmental, influence the development of health-related behaviors, and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual. health-related behavior is one of personal choices. There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices. Experts suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability oflife is similar to attempting suicide. personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with a statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity.
1. A. stopped B. preventedC. infected D. cured
2 A. constructedB. based C. foundD. depended
3. A. disappearedB. vanishedC. restricted D. flourished
4. A. relate B. connect C. damage D. concern
5. A. completelyB. partiallyC. continuouslyD. uncomfortably
6. A. fact B. fashionC. viewpoint D. freedom
7. A. where B. althoughC. whenD. somehow
8. A. familiar B. able C. relative D. close
9. A. enforced B. requestedC. pressured D. rushed
10. A. disgustedB. acceptedC. organized D. moved
11. A. factorsB. decision C. aspectD. arrangement
12. A. But B. ThereforeC. In addition D. However
13. A. seldom B. rarelyC. usually D. hardly
14. A. shorteningB. lengtheningC. leasingD. living
15. A. Thus B. But C. UnlessD. Though
（B）
Recent research has claimed that an excess of positive ions (离子)in the air can have an ill effect on people’s physical or psychological health. What are positive ions? Well, the1
air is full of ions, electrically charged particles, and generally there is a rough balance between the positive and the negative charged. But sometimes this balance becomes disturbed and a larger proportion of positive ions are found. This happens naturally before thunderstorms, earthquakes or when winds such as the Mistral, Foehn, Hamsin or Sharav are blowing in certain countries. Or it can be caused by a build-up of static electricity（静电）indoors from carpets or clothing made of man-made fibres, or from TV sets, duplicators or computer display screens.
When a large number of positive ions are present in the air many people experience unpleasant effects such as headaches, fatigue, irritability, and some particularly sensitive people suffer nausea or even mental disturbance. Animals are also found to be affected, particularly before earthquakes. Snakes have been observed to come out of hibernation, rats to flee from their burrows, dogs howl and cats jump about unaccountably. This has led the US Geographical Survey to fund a network of volunteers to watch animals in an effort to foresee such disasters before they hit vulnerable areas such as California.
On the other hand, when large numbers of negative ions are present, then people have a feeling of well-being. Natural conditions that produce these large amounts are near the sea, close to waterfalls or fountains, or in any place where water is sprayed, or forms a spray. This probably accounts for the beneficial effect of a holiday by the sea, or in the mountains with tumbling streams or waterfalls.
To increase the supply of negative ions indoors, some scientists recommend the use of ionizers: small portable machines which generate negative ions. They claim that ionizers not only clean and refresh the air but also improve the health of people sensitive to excess positive ions. Of course, there are the detractors（反对者）, other scientists, who dismiss such claims and are skeptical about negative/positive ion research. Therefore, people can only make up their own minds by observing the effects on themselves, or on others, of a negative rich or poor environment. After all, it is debatable whether depending on seismic readings（地震仪读数）to predict earthquakes is more effective than watching the cat.
16. What effect does excessive positive ions have on some people?
A. They think they are mad. B. They feel rather bad-tempered.
C. They become violently sick. D. They are too tired to do anything.
17. According to the passage, static electricity can be caused by A. using home-made electrical goods B. wearing clothes made of natural materials
C. walking on artificial floor coverings D. copying TV programs on a computer
18. People should be able to come to a decision about ions in the air if they .
A. notice their own reactions B. move to a healthier area
C. observe domestic animals D. watch how wealthy people behave
19. According to the passage, some scientists believe that A. earthquakes cannot affect any animal
B. the unusual behaviors of animals can not be trusted
C. neither watching nor using seismograph is reliable
2
D. watching animals to predict earthquakes is more effective
（C）
In the twentieth century, and particularly in the last 20 years, the old footpaths of the wandering scholars have become vast highways. The vehicle which has read this possible has of course been the aero plane, making contact between scholars even in the most distant places immediately feasible, also providing for the very rapid transmission of knowledge.
Apart from the vehicle itself, it is fairly easy to identify the main factors which have brought about the recent explosion in academic movement. Some of these are purely quantitative: they are a far greater number of learning centers, scholars and students.
In addition one must recognize the very considerable multiplication of disciplines, which by widening the total area of advanced studies, has produced all enormous number of specialists whose particular interests are precisely defined. These people would work in some isolation if they were not able to keep in touch with similar isolated groups in other countries.
Frequently these specializations lie in areas where very rapid developments are taking place, and also where the research needed for developments is extremely costly and takes a long time. It is precisely in these areas that the advantages of collaboration and sharing of expertise（专业知识） appear most evident. Associated with this is the growth of specialist periodicals(期刊，杂志), which enable scholars to Boerne aware of what is happening in different centers of research and to meet each other in conferences. From these meetings come the personal relationships which are at the bottom of almost all schemes of cooperation, and provide them with their most satisfactory stimulus.
But as the specializations have increased in number and narrowed in range, there has been an opposite movement towards interdisciplinary studies. These owe much to the belief that one can not properly investigate the incredibly complex problems thrown up by the modern world, and by recent advances in our knowledge along the narrow front of a single discipline. This trend has led to a great deal of academic contact between disciplines, and a far greater emphasis on the pooling of specialist knowledge, reflected in the broad subjects chosen in many international conferences. （Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.）
20. Besides the vehicle itself, what are the main factors about the recent explosion in
academic movement?
21. The academic work becomes more specialized especially in those area that 22. The writer thinks that the growth of specialist societies and periodicals has helped 3
23. Developments in international cooperation are often, it is suggested, the result of
（D）
While popular in the U.S., the April Fool’s Day tradition is even more popular in European countries, such as France and Great Britain. Although the roots of the traditional tricking are unclear, the French and the British both have claims on the origins of the celebration.
One theory holds that the first April Fool’s Day was on April 1st of the year when King of France instituted the new calendar. This new system placed the day that had formerly been the first day of a new year on April 1st. Many people were reluctant to adjust to the new calendar and continued to celebrate New Year’s Day on what had become the first day of April. Thus, they become the first April fools. Others began to give gag（恶作剧）gifts on the to mock the foolishness of those who continued to celebrate the new year on April 1st.
An English story about the day, however, holds that it began sometime during the 1200s. At the time, King John of England was in the habit of making a road out of nearly every path he walked regularly. The citizens of one particular farm village were aware of this. To avoid having their green meadows and pastures disturbed with one of the king’s roads, they built a fence that prevented the king from walking through their countryside. The king sent a group of messengers to inform the villagers that they must remove the barrier. Upon hearing that the king was planning to do this, however, the villagers developed a plan of their own. When the messengers arrived, they found what appeared to be a community of lunatics（疯子） with people behaving in a weird manner, throwing things and running around wildly. The messengers, alarmed at what they had found, reported to King John that these people were so mad as to be beyond punishment. So, the villagers saved their farmland by tricking the King. In Great Britain, tradition only allows April Fool’s tricks from midnight to noon on April 1st. Those who try to play tricks in the afternoon become fools themselves.
24. The word “prevalent” in the first sentence is nearest in meaning to “ _________”.
A. unusual B. traditional C. prevailing D. prosperous
25. As indicated in the passage, the first French April fools were _________________.
A. people who supported the new calendar B. people who opposed the new calendar
C. King of France D. all the people in France
26. In the French story, some people were regarded as the first April fools because _________.
A. they celebrated New Year’s Day on Jan.1st of the old calendar.
B. they celebrated New Year’s Day on April 1st of the old calendar.
C. they celebrated April Fool’s Day on Jan. 1st of the old calendar.
D. they celebrated April Fool’s Day on April 1st of the old calendar.
4
27. The villagers in the English story can be best described as __________.
A. crazy B. brave C. intelligent D. hard-working
28. The readers can learn from the last paragraph that villagers built a fence __________.
A. to show the king the way to their farmland
B. because their farmland had been ruined by their king
C. because their king often walked on their farmland
D. to prevent their king from turning their farmland into roads
（E）
Women who drank three or more cups of coffee a day were 30 percent less likely to have memory decline at age 65 than those who drank one cup or less daily. And the benefit increased with age. Women over age 80 who drank three or more cups of coffee a day were about 70 percent less likely to have memory decline than those who drank one cup or less, the research said.
Caffeinated tea had the same effect in the women, the study found, although more was needed to get the same caffeine boost. “Count roughly two cups of tea for a cup of coffee,” said study leader Karen Ritchie of INSERM, the French National Institute for health and Medical Research.
But the researchers didn’t find a similarly protective effect in men, although other studies have found a benefit to males.
How might caffeine help ward off cognitive decline? “It is a cognitive stimulant,” said Ritchie. It also helps to reduce levels of the protein called beta amyloid in the brain, she said, “whose accumulation is responsible for Alzheimer’s disease but which also occurs in normal aging.”
Ritchie said she wasn’t sure why men in the study didn’t benefit from caffeine. “Our hypothesis is that either women metabolize caffeine differently than men, or there may be an interaction of the caffeine with the sex hormones, the estrogen-progesterone balance,” she said.
The French study confirms previous research, said William Scott, professor of medicine at the University of Miami School of Medicine, who has researched caffeine’s beneficial effects against Parkinson’s disease, also a neurodegenerative disorder.
As for caffeine only protecting women, Scott noted that just 2,800 of the 7,000 study participants were men, and the results might have differed if more men were included.
A study published in February in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition looked at 676 healthy men and found that regular coffee drinkers had a lower rate of cognitive decline over a 10-year follow-up than those who didn’t drink coffee. Those who drank three cups daily had the least signs of decline.
Both Scott and Ritchie agreed that more study is needed. Ritchie’s research will next look at the relationship between caffeine and Alzheimer’s.
29. As it is indicated in the 1st paragraph, how does coffee influence women’s memory?
A. The older the woman was, the more remarkable her memory was.
5
B. The more coffee the woman drank, the more slowly her memory declined.
C. The older the woman was, the more slowly her memory declined.
D. The more coffee the woman drank, the more remarkable her memory was.
30. What is true about caffeinated tea?
A. It affected women’s memory in the same manner as coffee.
B. It influenced women’s memory as effectively as coffee.
C. It boosted women’s memory in the same rate as coffee.
D. It contained the same amount of caffeine as coffee.
31. According to Ritchie, Alzheimer’s disease is resulted from _____________.
A. the lack of caffeine in the brain
B. the accumulation of beta amyloid
C. high level of proteins in the brain
D. abnormal metabolism in normal aging
32. William Scott would most probably agree that caffeine helped ___________.
A. reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease
B. retard the process of cognitive decline
C. balance the production of female hormones
D. protect both men and women from diseases
33. What was the author’s attitude towards the research of caffeine’s beneficial effect on men?
A. Doubtful B. Convinced C. Matter-of-fact D. Cautious
6
Keys:
(A) BBCDA DBCCB ADCAA
(B) BCAD
(C) 20. The / A far greater number of learning centers, scholars and students.
21. the advantages of collaboration and sharing of expertise mostly appear
22. keep up with current developments
23. friendships formed by scholars at meetings
(D) CBACD
(E) CABBC
7
www.99jianzhu.com/包含内容：建筑图纸、PDF/word/ppt 流程，表格，案例，最新,免费下载,施工方案、工程书籍、建筑论文、合同表格、标准规范、CAD图纸等内容。