情态动词
考点、热点回顾
【词汇辨析】
sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time:
sometimes: “有时”=at times.He is sometimes late for school.
some times: “几次” I have been to Nanjing some times.
sometime: “某一时刻”I bought it sometime last spring.
We’ll meet again sometime next week.
some time: “一段时间” We have to stay here for some time.
2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little
(1)many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词；都表示许多。例如：
许多书 许多牛奶
(2)a few和a little都表示"有一点儿"，侧重于肯定，相当于"some"，但a few修饰可数名词， a little修饰不可数名词，例如：
He has a few friends in London.
---Would you like some coffee?
---Yes, just a little.
(3)few和little表示"几乎没有"，侧重否定。few后接可数名词，little后接不可数名词。例如：He is a strange man. He has few words.
Hurry up, there is little time left.
【固定搭配】加-ing
be busy doing sth. 忙于做?? eg: Mother is busy cooking.
look forward to + doing sth. 期待做?? eg: Tom looks forward to seeing his father again. Thank you for (doing) sth. 为了?感谢你 eg: Thank you for your help.
愉快地做某事eg: I had great fun playing in the water.
eg: I had a good time playing in the water.
做某事有困难
eg: I have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours.
【情态动词】又叫情态助动词。它们具有以下特点：
⑴ 它们必须与其他动词连用，即：情态动词＋动词原形
表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。
⑵ 绝大多数情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即第三人称单数不加-s
（以be和have 开头的情态动词短语除外）。
⑶ 在意义上，情态动词具有“多义性”。
例：can既可表示能力，又可表示可能、允许等意义。
【情态动词的基本用法】
1. can的基本用法：
⑴ 表示体力或智力上的能力，即“能够，会”，可与be able to转换。
例：He can speak English. = He is able to speak English.
—Can you play basketball?
— No, I can’t.
如果表示将来具备的能力，要用will be able to。
例：If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem.
⑵ 表示许可，主要用于口语，书面语一般用may。
例：—Can we go home now, please?
— No, you can’t.
You can only smoke in this room.
You can’t keep the library books for more than a month.
⑶ 表示“可能”，与may同义，但一般用在疑问句中。
例：What can he possibly want?
在否定句中，否定形式can’t表示推测“不大可能”。
例：Anybody can make mistakes.
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