八年级知识串讲

 

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?

1.buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物make do fetch

2.seem to do sth 似乎好像做某事seem+(to be)+ adj.看起来……

3.How do you like …=What do you think of…=What do you think about…

4.arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 /get to +地点/reach +地点 到达某地

6.decide to do sth.决定去做某事

7.形容词+enough (to do)

8.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事

9.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 finish practicekeep/keep on mind

10. want to do sth.想去做某事

11.start doing/to do sth.开始做某事

12.stop doing/to sth. 停止做某事

13.so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于……

14.Tell/ask sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事

15.Why not do. sth.=why don’t you do sth为什么不做……呢?

Unit2 How often do you exercise?

1.help sb. with sth. 在……帮助某人help sb do sth

2.How about doing…?=what about doing......怎么样?

3.What’s your favorite…?你最喜爱的…是什么?

4.How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句?有多少…?

5.主语+find+that从句. ……发现……find it adj to do sth

6.spend time in doing sth/on sth和某人一起度过时光

7.It’s+ adj.+(for sb)+ to do sth.对某人来说,做某事是……的。

8. the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式 dislike

9.by doing sth. 通过做某事(回答how引导的疑问句)

10.always hardly seldom once a week twice a week three times a week

对频率的提问用 How often……?

Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.

1.make sb. do sth.让某人做某事

2.be similar to与……相像的/类似的

the same… as和……相同;与……一致

be different from与……不同

3.make friends with sb 和……交朋友

4.call sb at +电话号码:给某人打电话

5.主语+谓语+比较级+than +比较对象

形容词和副词的比较级、最高级

大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:

1)原级(不作比较),修饰词very,so,too,pretty,really;

2)比较级,表示“较……”或“更……”的意思(两者之间进行比较), 标志词than,A or B,of the two, 修饰词much,a lot,a little far even;

3)最高级,表示“最……”的意思(三者或三者以上作比较),形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the,后面可带in(of)短语来什么比较的范围。

4)As 原级as

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级规则变化:

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级不规则变化:

注:a little ,much ,even 修饰比较级

形容词副词的原级,比较级和最高级的用法

1、 形容词副词原级的用法:

2. 形容词比较级的用法

3.形容词最高级的用法

形容词和副词的最高级常用来表示三者或三者以上人或物的比较。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the, 而副词的最高级前可以不加定冠词the。但是当形容词的最高级前已经有了作定语用的形容词性的物主代词或名词所有格时,不在加the。

比较用of.

She is student her class. 她是班上最好的学生。

Shanghai is one of cities China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。

This is apple I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。

Tom is boy in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。

Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.

北京是中国最大城市之一。

The Yangtze River is the first longest river in China.长江是中国第一长的河。

Unit4 What’s the best movie theater?

1.Can I ask you some…?我能问你一些……吗?

2.Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感谢。

3.See/watch sb. do /doing sth.观看某人做某事

4.one of+可数名词的复数 ……之一

5.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事wait for 等待 can’t help doing

6.close to…离……近

7.have fun/experience/trouble/problems doing sth 做某事有乐趣

8.make one’s dream come true 愿某人梦想成真

9.all kinds of……各种各样的

kind of 稍微,有点

10.give sb. sth.=give sth to sb 给某人某物

11.play a role in doing

=play a part in doing在…方面发挥作用/有影响

Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?

1. 跟不定时作宾语的动词有:计划(plan)和期盼(expect)喜欢(would like/love/prefer)表祝愿(wish)决定(decide)同意(agree)设法(manage)不拒绝(refuse)好像(seem)选择(choose)询问(ask)

多学习(learn)告诉(tell)失败(fail)也付得起(afford)

find/think/feel+ it +形容词+to do 结构(重点记)

[小试牛刀]

1. The boy decided ______in Shanghai, which made his father a little surprised.

A. not to workB. to not work

C. not working D. working not

2.—Would you mind ______ the door? —Of course not.

A. I opening B. me to open

C. for me to open D. my opening

3. She ______ going out for a walk, but I’d rather stay at home watching TV.

A. wanted B. asked C. hopedD. suggested

4.After he had worked several hours, he stopped _____ a cup of coffee to refresh himself.

A.to drink B.drinkingC.drink D.Drank

1. Some people like to rest in their free time. ______ like to travel.

A. Other B. The others C. Others D. Another

2. This is not the only answer to the question. There are _____one.

A. the others B. others C. another D. the other

3.Mr. turner bought two bikes. One was for his wif, and ____was for his son.

A. another B. other C. the other D. one

4.There are twenty-eight students in the class. Ten of them are girls and _____ are boys.

A. the other B. the others C. others D. Other

think of认为learn from从……获得;向……学习

find out查明;弄清楚

talk show谈话节目

game show游戏节目

soap opera肥皂剧

go on发生

watch a movie看电影

a pair of一双;一对

try one’s best尽某人最大努力

as famous as与……一样有名

have a discussion about就……讨论

one day有一天

such as例如

dress up打扮;梳理

take sb.’s place代替;替换

do a good job干得好

something enjoyable令人愉快的东西

interesting information有趣的资料

one of……之一

look like看起来像

around the world全世界

a symbol of……的象征

let sb. do sth.让某人做某事

plan to do sth.计划/打算做某事

hope to do sth.希望做某事

happen to do sth.碰巧做某事

expect to do sth.盼望做某事

How about doing…?做……怎么样?

be ready to do sth.乐于做某事

try one’s best to do sth.尽力做某事

Unit 6

be going to的表将来 (1)be going to是一种固定结构,它后面要接动词原形,用来表示按计划或安排将要发生的事情,句子中往往有表示将来的时间状语

We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.

今天下午我们打算开班会。

【注意】表将来的时间状语有:

1、next+时间词(例如:week,day,year等等这样的词语)

2、比较明显的表示将来的词语,像:tomorrow,the day after tomorrow等等

(3)there be句型的be going to结构为:There is/are going to be...(句型中going to后面的be不能改为have),常用来表示“某地将有……”。

There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school.

下周六我们学校将有一场足球比赛。

【注意】come,go,leave,arrive等表示位置移动的动词常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作,它们很少与be going to结构连用。

Miss Sun is coming tonight.今晚孙小姐要来。

(2).be going to的肯定句式

be going to结构中的助动词be很少用原形,它一般随着主语的变化而变化,be动词的形式有is,am,are。

I am going to buy something tomorrow morning.

明天早上我打算去买些东西。

(3).be going to结构的否定及疑问句式

(1)否定结构是在be后加not。

I'm not going to watch TV this evening.我今晚不打算看电视。

(2)一般疑问句式是把be动词放在主语之前。

Are you going to watch TV this evening?今晚你打算看电视吗?

(3)特殊疑问句由“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”构成。

What are you going to do this evening?今晚你打算做什么?

【练一练】

1.------Jack is busy packing luggage

---Yes He _________for America on vacation

A leaves B left C is leaving D has been away

4. There _______ a concert in the theatre this evening.

A. is going to have

C. is having B. is going to be D. is going to

They are going to ______ a bigger subway next year.

A. make B. do C. work D. Build move to + 地点 搬到某地

keep on 继续

Keep on doing sth继续做某事

communicate with sb. 表示“与某人联系/沟通”。 grow up成长;长大

every day每天

be sure about对……有把握

make sure确信;务必

send…to…把……送到……

be able to能

the meaning of……的意思

different kinds of不同种类的

write down写下;记下

have to do with关于;与……有关系

take up开始做;学着做

hardly ever几乎不;很少

too…to…太……而不能……/太……以至于不能 be going to+动词原形 打算做某事

Practice/enjoy doing练习/喜欢做某事 keep on doing sth.不断地做某事

learn to do sth.学会做某事

finish doing sth.做完某事

promise to do sth.许诺去做某事

help sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事

remember to do sth.记住做某事

agree to do sth.同意做某事

love to do sth.喜爱做某事

want to do sth.想要做某事

Unit7

一般将来时

(2)结构: 一般将来时的肯定式、否定式和疑问式如下:(以go为例)

(Shall用于一,三人称疑问句表征求意见,二,三人称肯定句表命令警告。)?(3)◆一般1)this引导的短语 如 this year (分具体语境)

2)tomorrow及其相关短语 如tomorrow morning

3)next引导的短语 如 next month

4)from now on ;in the future ; in an hour 等。

【注意】在一般将来时的句子中,有时有表示将来时间的状语,有时没有时间状语,这时要从 例句:a. Will she come? 她(会)来吗?

b. We’ll only stay for two weeks. 我们只待两星期。

on computer在电脑上

on paper在纸上

live to be 200 years old活到200岁

free time空闲时间

in danger处于危险之中

on the earth在地球上

play a part in sth.参与某事

space station太空站

look for寻找

computer programmer电脑编程员

in the future在未来

hundreds of许多;成百上千 具体数字+hundred

the same…as…与……一样

over and over again多次;反复地

get bored感到厌烦的

wake up醒来

fall down倒塌

will+动词原形 将要做……

fewer/more+可数名词复 更少/更多……

less/more+不可数名词 更少/更多……

have to do sth.不得不做某事

agree with sb.同意某人的意见

such+名词(词组)如此……

play a part in doing sth. 参与做某事

There will be + 主语+其他 将会有……

There is/are +sb./sth.+doing sth.有……正在做某事

make sb. do sth.

help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事

try to do sth. 尽力做某事

It’s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说,做某事……的。

Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?

用法

1.how many+可数名词复数 多少…… how much+不可数名词 多少……

2.It’s time (for sb.)+to do sth. 到(某人)做某事的时

3.how + to do sth.如何做某事

4.need+to do sth.需要做某事

5.make sth for sb 为某人制作某物

6.turn on接通(电流、煤气、水等);打开

turn off 关上

turn up旋大(灯火等),开大(煤气等)调高(声音等),

turn down 把(灯火、电器等)关小一点;拒绝

7.cut up切碎

cut sth into pieces把某物切成碎片

8.another 10 minutes另外10分钟

Unit9 Can you come to my party?

1.invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事

invite sb to sp 邀请某人去某地

2.what引导的感叹句结构:

What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!

What+adj.+名词复数/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!

3.help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事

4.be sad to do sth.做某事很悲伤

5.see sb. do sth. see sb.doing sth.

6.the best way to do sth.做某事最好的方式

7.refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事

8.look forward to doing sth.期盼做某事/be used to doing/pay attention to doing

9.reply to sth./sb.答复某事/某人

10.What’s today?今天是什么日子? (星期+年月)

What’s the date today?今天几号? (日期)

What day is it today?今天星期几?

11.Thanks for asking= Thanks for inviting

= Thanks for your invitantion谢谢你的邀请

12.prepare for为……做准备 = be ready for

prepare to do sth 准备做某事=be ready to do sth

Unit10 If you go to the party,you’ll have a great time!

1.ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事

2.give sb. sth.=give sth to sb 给某人某物

3.tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事

4.too…to do sth.太……而不能做某事

5.be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事

6.advise sb. to do sth.劝告某人做某事

7.have enough time to do sth 有足够的时间做某事

8.need to do sth.需要做某事

9.order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事

1.Great minds think alike.英雄所见略同

2.Love me, love my dog.爱屋及乌

3.Rome wasn't built in a day.伟业非一日建成

4.Well begun, half done.好的开始,成功了一半

5.Look before you leap.三思而后行

6.Where there is life, there is hope.留得青山在,不怕没柴烧.

7.where there is a will,there is a way.有志者事竟成

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