湖北省南漳县2016高考英语阅读理解和单项选择选练（8） 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers’ desire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.
Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.
This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a company’s environmental reputation was not good enough.
Harry Morrison, chief executive (主管) of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes: “I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is ticking—we don’t have much time. In addition, cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.” Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions (排放). Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are
environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.
The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “When companies are granted (授予) the standard, they can use a logo (标识) in all their marketing which makes it clear that they are working towards- 1 -
cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said.
1. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Businesses are finding ways to send their message to the shoppers.
B. Companies will soon get information about cutting carbon emissions.
C. Firms are making efforts to encourage customers to keep goods at home.
D. Firms are urged to cut carbon emissions by shoppers’ environmental awareness.
2. The underlined word “inform” in Paragraph 2 probably means“ ”.
A. affect B. change C. disturb D. reject
3. According to Harry Morrison, businesses .
A. will benefit from cutting carbon emissions
B. should buy carbon allowances for shoppers
C. are required to make up for their carbon emissions
D. have encouraged shoppers to take their custom elsewhere
4. We can learn from the passage that businesses will .
A. have a strong desire to reduce costs
B. use the same logo in their marketing
C. gain advantages by taking early action
D. attract more shoppers by storing goods
【参考答案】1-4 DAAC
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Feeling blue about the world? “Cheer up,” says science writer Matt Ridley.” The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.”
Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational, because he’s carefully weighed the evidence; optimistic, because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. And this is what he’s set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book, The Rational Optimist. He views mankind as a grand enterprise that, on the whole, has done little but progress for 100,000 years. He backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research. Here’s how he explains his views.
1) Shopping fuels invention
It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty, our own generation has access to more nutritious food, more convenient transport, bigger houses, better cars, and, of course, more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us. This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things. The more we specialize and exchange, the better off we’ll be.
2) Brilliant advances
One reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer-lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food, clothing, fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800 a candle providing one hour’s light cost six hours’ work. In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp - 3 -
took 15 minutes’ work to pay for. In 1950 it was eight seconds. Today it’s half second.
3) Let’s not kill ourselves for climate change
Mitigating(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself. A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of fossil-fuel(化石燃烧) electricity is forbidden by well-meaning members of green political movements trying to save the world, is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change. If climate change proves to be mild, but cutting carbon causes real pain, we may well find that we have stopped a nose-bleed by putting a tourniquet(止血带) around our necks.
1. What is the theme of Ridley’s most recent book?
A. Weakness of human nature.B. Concern about climate change.
C. Importance of practical thinking. D. Optimism about human progress.
2. How does Ridley look at shopping?
A. It encourages the creation of things. B. It results in shortage of goods.
C. It demands more fossil fuels. D. It causes a poverty problem.
3. The candle and lamp example is used to show that .
A. oil lamps give off more light than candles
B. shortening working time brings about a happier life
C. advanced technology helps to produce better candles
D. increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods
4. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?
A. Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.
B. Overreaction to climate change may be dangerous.
C. People’s health is closely related to climate change.
D. Careless medical treatment may cause great pain.
【参考答案】1-4 DADB
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Once there was a man who lied to eat mangoes. One day he decided to get the sweetest mango from the very top of the tree. Mangoes which are exposed to the sun the most are the sweetest.
So he climbed up to the top, where the branches were thin. He managed to pick up a few sweet reddish fruits, but, in an attempt to climb down, he slipped and started falling towards the ground. Fortunately, he caught the branch as he was falling and remained helplessly hanging on the tree. Then he started to call nearby villagers for help. They immediately came with a ladder and sticks, but could do little to help him.
Then after some time one calm and thoughtful person arrived - a well-known sage who lived in a simple hut nearby. People were very curious to see what he would do, as he was famous in solving many people’s problems in the area and sometimes very complicated ones.
He was silent for a minute and then picked up a stone and threw it at the hanging man.
Everybody was surprised. The hanging mango lover started to shout: What are you doing?! - 5 -
Are you crazy? Do you want me to break my neck?” The sage was silent. Then he took another stone and threw it at the man. The man was very angry: “If I could just come down, I would show you!”
That’s what everybody wanted - that he came down. But how? Now everybody was tense, as to what would happen next! Some wanted to chastise the sage, but they didn’t. The sage picked another stone and threw it again at the man, even more forcefully. Now the man on the tree was enraged and developed a great determination to come down and take revenge.（复仇）
He then used all his skill and strength and somehow reached the branches which were safe to start going down. And he made it! Everybody was amazed.
However, the rescued man found the sage gone. He stood there, realizing that the man really sed him because he induced（引诱）him to try his best and save himself. “I should be thankful and not angry.”
文章大意：本文是一篇故事，讲述了一名智者采用激将的办法成功的解救了一名爬到树顶摘最甜的芒果而悬在空中下不来的男子。
26．From the story we know that the sweetest mango must be the one .
A．on the very top of the a tree
B．hidden in the middle of a tree
C．on the tree for the longest time
D．exposed to sunlight less often
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句...get the sweetest mango from the very top of the tree在树顶的芒果最甜，故选A。
27．What happened after he had picked a few sweet reddish mangoes?
A．He slipped and fell to the ground suddenly.
B．He was climbing down quickly but carefully.
C．He remained hanging helplessly on the tree.
D．He shouted loudly for help but no one helped.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段he caught the branch as he was falling and remained helplessly hanging on the tree他在树上无助地吊着，可知选C。
28．How did the man feel when the sage hit him with a stone?
A．He was nervous.
C．He felt surprised.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段倒数第一、二句Then he took another stone and threw it at the man.The man was very angry...他很生气，可知选D。
29．What do you think motivated the man to climb down?
A．Courage.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据Now the man on the tree was enraged and developed a great determination to come down and take revenge.（复仇）报复心理激励着他爬下来。故选B。
30．What does the story imply?
A．Anger saves one’s life.
C．Skill and strength count.
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据通读文章并理解可知本文讲述了一名智者采用激将的办法成功的解救了那个男人，说明智慧很重要。
2015高考英语（附解析答案）
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．It is better to ask someone for advice rather than______something.
A．risk doing
C．risk to do B．to risk doing D．to risk to do B．Wisdom does count. D．Anger is the biggest enemy. B．Revenge. C．Carefulness. D．Assistance. B．He kept silent. D．He was angry.
解析 rather than连接前后两个不定式；risk doing“冒险做某事”。句意：最好向别人征求建议而不要冒险做某事。
答案 B
2．—______Larry is in such a hurry?
—I don’t know.He might have been running to catch the bus.
A．Why do you think
C．Why you think B．Do you think why D．Why not think
解析 do you think是插入语，特殊疑问句中含有do you think时，后面部分用陈述语序。
答案 A
3．______ be sent to help her out?
A．Who do you suggest
B．Who do you suggest that should
C．Do you suggest who should
D．Do you suggest whom should
解析 考查双重疑问句。do you suggest与特殊疑问词连用时，应放在特殊疑问词之后，又因为suggest后应用(should)＋动词原形，should可以省略，因此A项正确。
答案 A
4．Accustomed to ______ the steep mountain，he had no difficulty reaching the top.
A．climbing
C．having climbed B．climb D．have climbed
解析 to为介词，后跟动词-ing形式，不能跟现在分词的完成式，故A项符合题意。 答案 A
5．—Hi，Maria！I got the first place in the exam.
—______！Everyone knows you cheated and you just copied Tony’s.
A．Congratulations
C．Good luck B．Come on D．Cheer up
解析 句意：——嗨，玛丽亚！我考试得了第一名。——算了吧！人人都知道你作弊，你是抄的托尼的。A.祝贺你；B.算了吧；C.祝你好运；D.振作起来。根据题干中最后一句可知答案为B项。
答案 B
6．Co-operation or teamwork，the importance of which is often______，plays an important
part in football matches.
A．stressed
C．paid much attention B．thought of D．talked
解析 考查动词和动词短语的区别。句意：合作或团队协作在足球比赛中起着很重要的作用，其重要性经常被强调。stress the importance of...强调??的重要性。
答案 A
7．It would be ______a risk to let the child go to school by himself.
A．following
C．running B．passing D．carrying
解析 run/take a risk“冒风险”。句意：让孩子单独一人去上学是冒风险的。
答案 C
8．The old man said the accident______careless driving，so a lot of money______be
paid by the driver.
A．was due to；was due to
C．is due to；was due to B．dued to；was due to D．is due to；was due to
解析 be due to “由于，应归于，应该，预付”。句意：那位老人说事故源于粗心驾驶，所以大笔赔款应该由司机付给。
答案 A
9．In those days I was accustomed ______ a short walk before breakfast.
A．to take
C．to taking B．to not take D．to not taking
解析 考查固定搭配be accustomed to doing“习惯于做某事”，to 为介词，后接名词或动名词作宾语。
答案 C
10．She quitted ______to make herself a cup of tea.
A．reading
C．to reading B．read D．to read
解析 考查quit doing sth.“停止做某事”。句意：她停止读书去为自己沏一杯茶。 答案 A
11．He could not swim at all when he fell into the river，but he______up to the bank.
A．tried to climb
C．managed climbing B．managed to climb D．succeeded to climb
解析 manage to do sth.“设法成功地做了某事”。句意：当他掉进河中时他根本不会游泳，但他努力爬上了岸。
答案 B
12．Although he hasn’t any formal qualifications，Betas ______to do well for himself.
A．managed
C．arranged B．succeeded D．convinced
解析 manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”。句意：虽然他没有正式的资历，但Betas自己能把事情做得好。
答案 A
13．This accident was______his careless driving.
A．due to
C．because of B．thanks to D．so as to
解析 due to“因为，由于”，在句中可作表语；thanks to“幸亏，多亏”；because of“由于，因为”，在句中仅作状语；so as to“为了，目的是”。
答案 A
14．She felt______of having asked such a silly question when the audience couldn’t
help laughing.
A．guilty
C．miserable B．crazy D．ashamed
解析 be ashamed of“因??感到羞愧”。句意：当观众禁不住大笑时，她为问了如此傻的问题而感到羞愧。
答案 D
15．He______a good example______everyone______getting up early.
A．gives；for；at
C．sets；to；by B．gave；to；with D．set；for；in
解析 set a good example to sb.“为某人树立好的榜样”；拿什么举例，介词用by。句意：通过早起床，他给大家做出了一个好榜样。
答案 C。
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