酸雨现状\危害及成因分析
[摘 要]:防治酸雨危害受到国家环保部门的高度重视,成都市位于我国西南酸雨区,酸雨频率高、酸度强,酸雨污染呈逐年加重趋势。大气降水有很大的腐蚀性,区内建筑物,露天公共基础设施,工厂露天设备,城市绿化带受到其严重腐蚀,也影响着人类的身体健康。为防治酸雨, 对酸雨的现状,酸雨成因等进行研究不仅可以知道成都酸雨情况和损失情况,而且可以为酸雨防治提供重要依据。
[abstract] : prevention harm state environmental protection department by acid rain highly, chengdu city is located in China’s southwest SuanYuOu, acid rain, high frequency acidity is strong, acid rain pollution is more aggravating trend. Precipitation is very corrosive, within the region, buildings, open public infrastructure, outdoor equipment factory, urban green belts by its serious corrosion, also affect human health. Acid rain for the prevention and control of the present situation of acid rain, and the acid rain cause of formation study not only can know chengdu acid rain and loss situation, and can provide important basis for prevention and control of acid rain.
[关键词]:成都市中心城区 酸雨现状 成因分析
[key words] : chengdu city center present situation of acid rain causes analysis 1酸雨形成机理
大量的SO2和NO2(或NO)等排放到空气中,使得下雨时这些气体溶入水滴中形成酸,也就是酸雨。
硫酸型酸雨:S+O2(点燃)=SO2, 2SO2+2H2O+O2=2H2SO4
硝酸型酸雨: 4NO+2H2O+3O2=4HNO3
2 成都大气降水成分
成都市降雨雨水中硫酸根离子浓度远远大于其它阴离子,约占阴离子的70%以上。降雨中阴离子中SO42-占优势,其次是NO3-、Cl-;阳离子中以NH+、Ca2+占比例较大,其次是 Na+和Mg2+ 。降雨中NO3-量有明显的降低趋势,说明成都酸雨属于硫酸型酸雨。雨水中成分复杂。
3污染源
(1)机动车辆排放酸性气体:车辆发动机内,活塞频繁打出火花,,N2变成
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