考点规范练8(模块三 Unit 2)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
In the early 1970s,David McNeill,a psychology professor at the University of Chicago,was giving a talk in a Paris lecture hall when something queer caught his eye.There was a woman in the back of the room moving her arms in a way that seemed to convey exactly what he was saying.It took him a moment to realize that she was speaking,too,and another to realize that she was an interpreter,translating his words into French.For McNeill,that moment of confusion made him realize that gesture and speech are not as separate as they seem.
Gesture researchers have spent the past 40 years uncovering how movements are tied to
speech.Regardless of their spoken language or culture,humans gesture when they talk.They gesture even if they have never seen gestures before—people who have been blind since birth do it—and they gesture even if they’re talking to someone on the phone and know no one can see them.When speech is interrupted,so is gesture.In fact,gesture is so tightly bound to language that differences between languages show up as differences in gesture.In other words,the way you package your thoughts into speech is also how you package them into movement.
Researchers are especially interested in the times when gestures don’t match speech.The mismatch can be a valuable window to what’s going on in the mind.For example,until about 7 years of age,children don’t understand that if you pour a tall glass of water into a shorter,wider glass,the amount of water stays the same.They think the shorter glass contains less water.When asked to explain their reasoning,some children will say,“This one is shorter,”while gesturing that the glass is wider.That discrepancy(矛盾) shows they subconsciously grasp that both dimensions are important.
When we speak,we put our thoughts into words,and when we gesture,we put our thoughts into our hands.But gestures don’t just show what we’re thinking—they actually help us think.Toddlers(初学走路的孩子) who are encouraged to gesture tend to start producing more words.Adults involved in various problem-solving tasks do better when they are encouraged to gesture.Putting ideas into motions brings us closer to grasping what we need to grasp.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章解释了人们说话时为什么会做手势。
1.Which can best replace the underlined word “queer” in Paragraph 1?
A.Strange. B.Terrible. C.Boring. D.Funny.
答案:A
解析:词义猜测题。由下文那位女士做手势、讲话、翻译的情节及段末的“that moment of confusion”可推断,那位女士的表现很奇怪。
2.What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A.Newborn babies don’t gesture.
B.Gesture and language are closely related.
C.Babies learn to gesture from their parents.
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