代词one的用法很多,且容易误用,现将其常见的用法归纳如下:
一. one可以代替前面刚提到过的同一类人或物,其复数形式为ones.例如:
i haven ' t got a pen. i ' ll have to buy one.(我没有钢笔,我必须去买一支。)i have a new story-book and several old ones.(我有一本新的故事书和几本旧的故事书。)
二. 如果one不带任何前置修饰语,而是单独使用时,其意义通常是泛指的。例如:i have no recorder. i want to buy one.(我没有录音机,我想买一台。)
三. 不定冠词a/an不可直接和one连用,但a/an后面有形容词时,可以和one连用。例如:have you any knives? i need a sharp one.(你有小刀吗?我需要一把锋利的。)
have you any books? i want to have an interesting one.(你有书吗?我要一本有意思的。)
四. 当one(s)代替特指名词时,它前面总有定冠词或其他限定词。例如:
this room and the one upstairs are being cleaned.(这个房间和楼上的那个房间正在打扫。)
the film is not so good as the one we saw last week.(这部电影不如我们上星期看过的那部电影好。)
五. one 只能代替可数名词,如果所代替的是特指的不可数名词,那就不能用“the one”,而应该用that.例如:
the study of english is as important as that(=the study)of chinese.(学习英语与学习汉语一样重要。)
六. one(s)通常不用在名词所有格和形容词性的物主代词之后。例如:
他的书放在楼下,他哥哥的书放在楼上。
(误)his books are kept downstairs, and his elder brother ' s ones are kept upstairs.(正)his books are kept downstairs, and his elder brother ' s are kept upstairs.
七. one(s)不用在own和both之后。例如:
我的狗是黑色的,他的狗是黄色的。
(误)my dog is black, his one is yellow.
(正)my dog is black, his is yellow.
那幢房子是你租的,还是你自己的?
(误)do you rent the house or is it your own one?
(正)do you rent the house or is it your own?
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