一般现在时的基本概念
一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。常见的标志词（时间状语）主要有：every?, sometimes, at?, on Sundays, uauslly often, never, always等。
一般现在时的结构
be动词的一般现在时
主语+Be动词+其他成分
I ama boy.
实义动词的一般现在时
主语+行为动词+其他成分
We studyEnglish.
一般现在时的具体形式
be动词的一般现在时
1. 第一人称单数I+am
I am a student.
2. 第二人称单数you和其他人称复数we/you/they+are
You are a lucky girl.
We are students in this school.
3. 第三人称单数he/she/it+is
She is my teacher.
例题：
用be动词的适当形式填空。
1. I from China.
2. It very hot today.
3. They in the hospital.
4. We good students.
5. Shea beautiful girl.
实义动词的一般现在时
1. 第一、二人称单数I/you和其他人称复数we/you/they+动词原形 I get up at 8 o’clock.
They go to school everyday.
2. 第三人称单数he/she/it+实义动词第三人称单数形式
It runs fast.
He studies hard.
例题：
用说给单词的适当形式填空。
1. We home every day.（go）
动词时态
2. Trees green in spring.（turn） 3. He very hard.（study）
4. The boy up at seven O'clock.（get） 5. The earth round the sun.（move） 补充：
一般现在时的句型变化 be动词的一般现在时 肯定句
He is a worker. 否定句
主语 + be动词 + not + 其他 He is not a worker. 一般疑问句
Be动词 + 主语 + 其他 -Is he a worker？
-Yes, he is. / No, he is not. 特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句 Where is he？ 例题：
写出下列句子中所缺的be动词，并用肯定及否定形式回答。 1. your father a teacher? --Yes, No, 2. they in the room? --Yes, No, 写出下列句子的否定句。 1. I am at home.
2. Mr. Li is a professor.
实义动词的一般现在时 肯定句
I like bread.
He often plays.
否定句
主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形
I don’t like bread.
He doesn’t often play.
一般疑问句
Do/Does+主语+动词原形
–Do you like bread?
–Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
–Does he often play?
–Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
特殊疑问句
疑问词+一般疑问句
What do you like?
Where does he often play?
例题：
将下列句子改写为否定句。
1. I have lunch at school.
2. They play basketball on the playground.
3. Mr. Zhang knows French.
一般现在时的基本用法
1． 表示人或物的特征
He is a doctor.
The dog is white and black.
2. 表示习惯性或经常性的动作，常与always, often, usauylly, seldom, everyday, sometimes, weekends，Mondays等表示时间与频率的词连用。
I leave home at 6 o’clock everyday.
Tom always play football after school.
We usually go to school by bus on Tuesdays.
3. 表示永恒不变的事实或真理
Beijing is the capital of China.
The snow is white.
例题：
用说给单词的适当形式填空。
1. He (have) blue eyes.
2. We (go) to school everyday.
3. We (have) no classes on weekends.
4. She (write) a letter to her friend once a week.
5. Tom (ride) a bike to school.
6. Peter and Mary often (play) badminton together.
7. Practice (make) perfect.
用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup? 6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays? 7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _______(like) cooking. 12. They _______(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _______(do) your homework well. 15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed. 16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term. 20. －What day _______(be) it today?
一般将来时的基本概念
一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。一般将来时由助动词shall（第一人称），will（第二、三人称）+动词原形构成。
一般将来时的结构
主语 + will/ shall + 动词原形 + 其他部分
Weshall playthis afternoon.
He will have a lesson after lunch.
一般将来时的具体形式
第一人称I/ we + shall + 动词原形
I shall be school in 10 minutes.
We shall go to Beijing for our summer holiday.
其他人称单复数+will+动词原形
Tom will go
swimming tomorrow.
You will get well soon.
They will come back this afternoon.
例题：
用说给单词的适当形式填空。
1. I (go) to the USA tomorrow.
2. We (visit) her new week.
3. The pilot (fly) to China the month after the next.
4. It (take) us a long time to learn English well.
5. He (be) there at seven tomorrow morning.
一般将来时的句型变化
肯定句
They will go to park this Sunday.
否定句
主语+will+not+动词原形
They will not go to park this Sunday.
一般疑问句
Will+主语+动词原形
-Will they go to park this Sunday?
-Yes, they will. / No, they will not.
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
Where will they go this Sunday?
例题：
按要求改写句子。
Sam will move into new house next year.
1. .（改写为否定句）
2. （改写为一般疑问句）
3. （改写为特殊疑问句）
一般将来时的用法
1. 一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。
I will(shall) get there tomorrow.
Will you be free next weekend?
We won’t (shan’t) be busy this evening.
2. 在以第一人称I或we作主语的问句中，一般使用shall，这时或是征求对方的意见，或是询问一个情况
Where shall we have a meeting?
Shall we have computer class tomorrow?
3. be going to +动词原形，这个形式常用于表示打算，计划和安排好的事情 We are going to have a trip next year.
How are you going to spend your weekend?
例题：
选择正确的答案。
( ) 1. He very busy this week, he free next week.
A. will be, is B. is, is
C. will be, will be D. is, will be
( ) 2. There a meeting tomorrow.
A. was B. is going to have
C. will have D. is going to be
( ) 3. --Where is the paper?
--I it for you at once.
A. get B. am getting
C. to get D. will get
( ) 4. He him a beautiful bag next birthday.
A. gives B. gave
C. will giving D. is going to give
( ) 5. He in three days.
A. coming back B. came back
C. will come back D. is going to coming back
现在进行时的基本概念
表示此时此刻正在进行的动作或事情。“正在进行时”的事件，可能发生几年了，也可能只有几分钟。仍在进行中这是“正在进行时”的关键所在。它是一件持续进行的事情。
现在进行时的结构
主语 + be动词 + 动词ing
He is swimming.
They are playing.
现在进行时的具体形式
第一人称单数I +am+动词ing
I am reading a story book.
I am practing.
第二人称单数you/ 各人称复数we/ you/ they+are+动词ing
They are doing homework.
We are playing games.
第三人称单数he/ she/ it+is+动词ing
He is cleaning the house.
Tom is playing basketball.
例题：
将下列句子改成现在进行时
1. Tom can speak Japanese.
2. We have lessons.
3. I watch TV every day.
4. She works in a factory.
5. Kitty and Ben have lunch at about twelve.
注释：
1. 在改写句子的过程中，首先需要根据每句话的主语的单复数确定be应该采用的形式，加在主语的后面，然后找出句子中的动词，将动词改写为动词ing形式，最后将所给句子的时间词改写为现在进行时的时间词。牢记现在进行时的结构：主语+be动词+动词ing形式。
2.
现在进行时的句型变化
肯定句
Boys are playing football on the grass.
否定句
主语+be动词+not+动词ing
Boys are not playing football on the grass.
一般疑问句
Be动词+主语+动词ing
Are boys playing football on the grass?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
Where are boys playing football?
例题：
按要求改写句子。
1. Lee is swimming in the sea. .（改写为否定句） （改写为一般疑问句）
（改写为特殊疑问句）
2. They are having English class. .（改写为否定句） （改写为一般疑问句）
（改写为特殊疑问句）
一般将来时的用法
1. 表示现在正在发生的事情（说话时正在进行）
My father is reading newspaper now.
Look! Girls are singing and dancing.
2. 表示当前一段时间内正在进行的动作（说话时不一定正在进行）
We are learning computer this month.
They are writing fairy tales this term.
选择填空。
1. She is _____ (run, running) now.
2. Look, Nick is _____ (coming, come).
3. Listen, she is _____ (singing, sing).
4. The fish is _____ (swimming, swim) in the river.
5. They are _____ (sitting, sit) in the classroom.
写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________
go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________
read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________
put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________
live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________
stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
一般过去时的基本概念
一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。
一般过去时的结构
Be动词的一般过去时
主语 + be动词过去式 + 其他成分
She was in Beijing last year.
实义动词的一般过去时
主语 + 实义动词过去式 + 其他成分
We went to school yesterday.
一般过去时的具体形式
Be动词的一般过去时
第一人称I / 第三人称单数he/ she/ it+was
He was
a teacher.
第二人称单数you / 各人称复数we/ you/ they+were
You were the best students in our class.
They were late the day before yesterday.
例题：
用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I at school just now.
2. He at the summer camp last week.
3. They students two years ago.
4. Liming ten years old last year.
5. There a pear on the desk yesterday.
实义动词的一般过去时
各人称单/ 复数+动词的过去式
We visited my grandparents last week.
My mother gave me a new pen.
例题：
用动词的适当形式填空
1. He (live) in Beijing 3 years ago.
2. The dog (eat) a bird last night.
3. We (have) a party last year.
4. I (make) a model plane with my father yesterday.
5. They (play) the piano last night.
6. His father (read) a newspaper last night.
注：
一般过去时的句型变化
Be动词的一般过去时
肯定句
He was very busy yesterday.
否定句
主语+be动词过去式+not+其他成分
He was not very busy yesterday.
一般疑问句
be动词过去式+主语+其他成分
Was he very busy yesterday?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
Why was he very busy yesterday?
例题：
句型转换。
1. It was boring.
否定句
一般疑问句
肯定回答，否定回答
特殊疑问句
2. They were very excited yesterday. 否定句
一般疑问句
肯定回答，否定回答
特殊疑问句
实义动词的一般过去时
肯定句
He had a new car.
否定句
主语+did+not+动词原形+其他成分 He did not have a new car.
一般疑问句
Did+主语+动词原形+其他成分
Did he have a new car?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
What did he have?
例题：
句型转换。
1. They sang songs in the classroom last night. 否定句
一般疑问句
肯定回答，否定回答
特殊疑问句
2. Sara went to see her grandparents last week.
否定句
一般疑问句
肯定回答，否定回答
特殊疑问句
注：
在一般过去时的否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句中，需要将过去式变为动词原形。
一般过去时的用法
1. 表示在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态
Mr. Wang was a teacher in the school last year.
My dad bought a doll yesterday.
2. 表示在过去一段时间里，经常性或习惯性的动作或状态
When I was a child, I often played football.
例题：
用过给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Tom and Mike (come) to India last month.
2. Mary (not go) to bed until 11 o’clock last night.
3. Sara (read) English yesterday morning.
4. I listened but (hear) nothing.
5. My father (not do) housework yesterday.
6. --When you (get) to Beijing yesterday?
--We (get) to Beijing at 9:00.
7. How many people (be) there in your class last term?
8. There (be) a basketball match on TV yesterday evening.
9. Jack (not clean) the room just now.
10. She watches TV evening. But she (not watch) TV last night.
过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________ plant________ are ________
drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________
does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____
taste_________ eat__________ put ______
kick_________ pass_______ do ________
Be动词的过去时练习（1）
Name ____________ No. ______ Date __________
用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I _______ at school just now.
2. He ________ at the camp last week.
3. We ________ students two years ago.
4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
行为动词的过去时练习（2）
Name ____________ No. ______ Date __________
用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.
6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
现在完成时
一.现在完成时主要用来表示现在已完成某事或过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。
1）表示动作发生在过去，但其结果影响到现在。常用的时间状语有：already,yet,just now, by this time ,so far , ,by now.
-Have you seen Jim yet? 你已经见到吉姆了吗？
I have just finished my homework. 我刚完成家庭作业。
2）表示动作或状态从过去某一刻开始一直持续到现在，还可能持续下去。常用的时态状语有：all day, the whole day , up to now , all one’s life（一生）, so far （迄今为止）,in the past/last years（在最近几年里）, since +点时间，for+短时间。
They have lived in China since two years ago.他们自从两年之前就住在中国.
3）用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某个时间完成的动作。
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.等车完全停下来后在下车.
二、现在完成时的结构
1）肯定式：主语 + have / has + 过去分词 2）否定式: 主语 + have / has + not + 过去分词 3）一般疑问式 Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词 4）特殊疑问式 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词
*非延续性动词(或称作终止性动词)不能用―现在完成时 + 表示一段时间的状语‖的句型中。 这类动词有：come, go, start, leave, die, buy, finish, join, borrow, stop等。但它们能够用表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换句中的终止性动词。
arrive, come → be here, be in buy → have
begin, start → be ondie → be dead
get up → be up leave, move → be away； go out → be outborrow→keep finish/end →be over open →be open close →be closed join— be a member of
现在完成时练习： 一、选择填空
1. Kate’s never seen Chinese films，____ ?
A. hasn’t she B. has she C. isn’t she D. is she
2. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? -______you______ your homework yet?
A. Do；finish B. Are；finishing C. Did；finish D. Have；finished
3. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice______he came to Yunnan. A. after B. before C. since D. for
4.4. Tom______the CD player for two weeks.
A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had
5. I______a letter from him since he left.
A. didn’t receive B. haven’t got C. didn’t have D. haven’t heard
6. -Have you ever______Beijing ?
-Yes, I have. A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to
7. My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.
A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been
8. I won’t go to the concert because I ____my ticket. A. lost B. don’t lose C. have lost D. is coming
9.9. – Where is Mr Liu? - He________ the library.
A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in D.has went
10. We came to Shanghai three years ago, so we_______here for two years. A. have been to B. have been in C. have been D. have gone
11.- How long_______you _______your exam paper? - About three months. A. did；buy B. have；get C. have；had D. have；bought
12. He tells me he ________China for over eight years.
A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has gone to
13. His parents________ for more than 3 years. A. have come here B. have started to work
C. have lived there D. have left the university
14．I_______ a letter from him since he left．
A．didn't receive B．haven't got C．didn't have D．haven't heard
15．—Where have you _______ these days？
—I have _______to Dalian with my friends．
A．been；gone B．been；been C．gone；been D．gone；gone
B．16．How long have you _______ this book？
A．bought B．borrowed C．had D．lent
17．—Where's Peter？ —He _______ to Nanjing.
A．is going B．has been C．has gone D．went
18．We have lived here _______ five years ago． A．when B．since C．before D．after
19．—I have watched the game． —When _______you _______ it？ A．have；watched
B．do；watch C．did；watch D．will；watch
20. Miss Brown _______ to the Great Wall twice．
A．have been B．has been C．have gone D．has gone
二．用动词的适当形式填空
1. I___________ already _________(see) the film. I_____________(see) it last week.
2. —___________he___________(finish) his work yet? — Not yet.
3. — ___________you___________(be) to Hong Kong? — Yes, I____________(be) there twice.
4. — ___________you ever____________(eat ) chocolate? — No, never.
5. My father____________ just___________(come) back from work. He is tired now.
6. — Where's Li Ming? — He___________(go) to the teacher's office.
7.I____________(work) here since I___________(move) here in 1999.
8. — How long__________ the Wangs ____________(stay) here ? — For two weeks.
三. 句型转换 (每空一词)
1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句)
I______ ______been to Macau before. 就划线部分提问)
_________ _________ he come to school? 就划线部分提问)
__________ __________ ___________ __________learned English?
4. I bought a new bike just now. (用just改写) I_______ just __________a new bike.
5. We began to learn English three years ago. (改为同义句)
We___________ ___________English _____________three years.
四．填入has / have been 或has / have gone.
1. Harry： I saw you in Annabel's Restaurant last night.
Diana： No, it wasn't me. I ____________ never__________ there.
2. Sam： Sally and Tim are on holiday, aren't they? Where________they __________? Sue： To Florida, again.
Sam： How many times________they___________there? Sue： This is their third visit.
3. Steve： Can I speak to Jill, please?
Lynn： She's out, I'm afraid. She____________to the cinema this evening.
Steve： Again? She________already__________to the cinema three times this week.
五、 用for 或since填空。
1. Jill has been in Ireland______________Monday.
2. Jill has been in Ireland____________three days.
3. My aunt has lived in Australia________15 days.
4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there___________7 o'clock.
5. The bus is late. We've been waiting___________20 minutes.
6. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty______________many years.
7. Tom has been ill_________a long time. He has been in hospital_____________October.
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