高考英语完形填空解题技巧
1. 利用首句信息
从历年的试题可以看出，完形填空所采用的短文一般不给标题，且首句往往不设空，通常是个完整的句子。这个句子往往是全文的关键句，它是了解全文的窗口，常常包含对解题有用的信息，因此考生要注重细读首句，并据此来判断文章的体裁，题材，推测全文的主旨和大意，推断故事发生的人物、地点、时间、气氛等多方面的特征，争取开局顺利。
2．利用前后暗示
完形填空题除了注重考查考生对语境的理解外，还经常在完形填空的短文中设置前后互相暗示的考题。这里需要注意的是：若是前面暗示后面，做题相对来说比较容易。但从对历届考题的研究情况来看，这种暗示多为后面暗示前面，也就是说前面的某些填空从当时的情况来看，或是线索不清，或是语境不明，无法填出，但只要我们继续往后看，就会发现此空在后面的某个地方有暗示。所以，考生在做题时一定要充分利用这一特点，以提高做题的准确率。
3. 利用逻辑推理
做完形填空题的过程从本质上说是一个阅读推理的过程。为了能够准确、快速地理解文章内容，考生必须把握作者的思路，使自己的思维模式与作者的思维模式相吻合，同时考生还必须不断地从各个角度进行合乎逻辑的推理，并不断地验证推理的正确性，以达到理解全文、解决问题的目的。正确分析推理是恰当解题的必要条件，而恰当解题又是对题目进行正确分析推理的必然结果。
4. 利用语境因素
文章是一个具有内在联系的整体,而上下文则是营造语境的基础,也是逻辑推理的依据.通读全文,理顺大意,根据上下文找出信息词是做好完形填空题的关键.近年来,高考试题中的完形填空题在命题设计上的趋势是朝着深层化及语境化的方面挖掘,逐渐摈弃单纯的语言分析考查,而越来越侧重逻辑推理判断.因此,只有借助上下文乃至全文语境的启示或限定才能够准确做出判断.
5. 利用语法分析
尽管近几年的高考完形填空题主要考察考生对语境的理解,很少考查纯语法知识的运用,但是借助语法分析来帮助理解句子,推测语境,判断搭配等,却是必不可少的.因此考生做题时应充分利用平时 1
所学的语法及词汇,名词的可数与不可数,动词的及物与不及物以及句子结构等知识.
6. 利用文化背景和生活常识
高考完形填空往往以自身的内容提供相对完整的语篇信息,但其间交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识和常识,如文化,风俗,生活常识以及科学知识等.考生在做题时可充分利用社会文化知识和生活常识,并注意中西方文化方面存在的差异将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,顺理成章的选出正确的答案.
7.利用语篇标志(重点)
语篇指比句子长的语言单位,语篇标志指语篇之间有内在联系的词语.常见的语篇标志语有:
1) 结构层次:“secondly、 thirdly、 finally”等;
2) 时间关系:“before、 after、 later”等;
3) 因果关系:“because、 for、 since 、as so 、therefore、 thus”等;
4) 话题关系:“by the way”等;
5) 转折关系:“but 、however、 nevertheless、 on the contrary”等’
6) 递进关系:“in addition、 besides 、then 、what’s more、 further”等
7) 并列关系:“and 、and also、 or 、neither…nor……、either……or……、not only……but also……、as well、similarly、in the same way、that is to say”等
8) 让步关系:“although、though、even though、even if、no matter+疑问词”等
9) 条件关系:“if、only if、if only”等.
8.利用习惯用法和词语辨析知识
习惯用法是英语中固定的结构,是不能随意改的.平时学习中应注意积累及掌握好习惯用法.同时,应多注意词语辨析及词语搭配,要培养在特定语境中灵活运用词语的能力.
【实例分析】（2008年高考英语全国卷I）
After the birth of my second child， I got a job at a restaurant. Having worked with an experienced____1____for a few days， I was____2____to wait tables on my own. All went____3____that first week. When Saturday night came， I was luckily____4____the tables not far from the kitchen， 2
____5____， I still felt it a little hard to carry the heavy trays （托盘）.
Before I knew it， the____6____was full of people. I moved slowly，____7____every step. I remember how____8____I was when I saw the tray stand near the tables， it looked different from the one I was____9____on. It had nice handles （手柄）， which made it____10____to move around. I was pleased with everything and began to____11____I was a natural at this job.
Then， an old man came to me and said， “Excuse me， dear， my wife and I loved____12____you work. It seems your tray stand has been very____13____to you， but we are getting ready to____14____now， and my wife needs her____15____back. ”
At first his____16____did not get across. “What was he talking about!” Then I got it. I had set my trays on his wife’s orthopedic walker （助步器）. I stood frozen as ice， but my face was____17____ I wanted to get into a hole and____18____.
Since then， I have learned from many mistakes such as the one I just____19____. I have learned to be more____20____and not to be too sure of myself.
1. A. manager B. assistant C. cook D. waitress
2. A. promised B. invited C. allowed D. advised
3. A.well B. quicklyC. safely D. wrong
4. A. left B. given C. brought D. shown
5. A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. finally
6. A. kitchen B. street C. restaurant D. table
7. A. minding B. changing C. taking D. saving
8. A. angryB. calm C. sad D. happy
9. A. fixedB. trained C. loaded D. waited
10. A. slower B. lighter C. quieter D. easier
11. A. believe B. agree C. regret D. pretend
12. A. letting B. makingC. watchingD. having
13. A. useful B. familiar C. unusual D. interesting
14. A. rest B. order C. eat D. leave
15. A. bag B. walkerC. tray D. coat
16. A. ideaB. praise C. message D. need
17. A. coldB. full of joy C. pale D. on fire
18. A. lie B. hide C. defend D. stay
19. A. repeated B. discovered C. corrected D. described
20. A. careful B. patient C. honest D. practical
实战演练【第1篇】
When sailors are allowed ashore after a long time at sea, they sometimes get drunk and cause trouble. For this reason, the navy ___1___ has its police in big ports. Whenever sailors cause trouble, the police 3
come and ___2___ them.
One day, the police in a big seaport received a telephone call ___3___ a bar in the town. The barman said that a big sailor had got drunk and ___4___ the furniture in the bar. The officer in charge of the police guard that evening said that he would come immediately.
Now, officers who ___5___ and punish the sailors ___6___ drunk usually chose ___7___ policeman they could find to go with them. ___8___ this particular officer did not do this. ___9___, he chose the smallest and ___10___ man he could find to go to the bar with him and ___11___ the sailor.
Another officer who ___12___ there was surprised when he saw the officer of the guard chose such a small man. ___13___ he said to him, “Why ___14___ you take a big man with you? You have to fight the sailor who ___15___.”
“Yes, you are ___16___ right,” answered the officer of the guard. “That is exactly ___17___ I am taking this small man. If you see two policemen coming ___18___ you, and one is ___19___ the other, which one ___20___ you attack?”
1. A. always B. seldom 2. A. meet with B. deal with 3. A. about B. from 4. A. was breaking B. was ordering 6. A. slightly B. not at all 7. A. the biggest B. the youngest 9. A. Instead B. Therefore 11. A. seize B. kill 12. A. will go B. had come 13. A. YetB. But 14. A. don’t B. couldn’t 16. A. all
C. forever D. sometimes C. see D. judge C. in D. of C. was moving D. was dusting C. heavily D. much more C. the bravest D. the experienced C. Although D. Then C. get rid of D. catch up with C. would start off D. happened to be C. So D. Then C. can’tD. do
5. A. would goB. might beat C. dared to fight D. had to go
8. A. In fact B. But C. So D. And
10. A. good-looking B. weakest-lookingC. ugly-looking D. strongest-looking
15. A. looks strongB. is drunk C. seems rude D. is dangerous
B. very C. too D. quite
C. before D. towards
17. A. how B. what C. why D. that 18. A. upB. at 19. A. not smaller than B. as big as
C. as small asD. much smaller than
20. A. could B. will C. do D. can
实战演练【第2篇】
Several years ago, while attending a communication course, I experienced a most unusual process. The instructor asked us to list ___1___ in our past that we felt ___2___ of, regretted, or incomplete about and read our lists aloud.
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This seemed like a very ___3___ process, but there’ s always some ___4___soul in the crowd who will volunteer. The instructor then ___5___ that we find ways to ___6___ people, or take some action to right any wrong doings. I was seriously wondering how this could ever ___7___ my communication.
Then the man next to me raised his hand and volunteered this story: “Making my ___8___, I remembered an incident from high school. I grew up in a small town. There was a Sheriff ___9___ of us kids liked. One night, my two buddies and I decided to play a ___10___ on him.
After drinking a few beers, we climbed the tall water tank in the middle of the town, and wrote on the tank in bright red paint: Sheriff Brown is a s.o.b.. The next day, almost the whole town saw our glorious ___11___. Within two hours, Sheriff Brown had us in his office. My friends told the truth but I lied. No one ___12___ found out.”
“Nearly 20 years later, Sheriff Brown’s name ___13___ on my list. I didn’t even know if he was still ___14___. Last weekend, I dialed the information in my hometown and found there was a Roger Brown still listed. I tried his number. After a few ___15___, I heard, “Hello?” I said, “Sheriff Brown?” Paused. “Yes.” “Well, this is Jimmy Calkins.”
“And I want you to know that I did it？”Paused. “I knew it!” he yelled back. We had a good laugh and a ___16___ discussion. His closing words were: “Jimmy, I always felt bad for you ___17___ your buddies got it off their chest, but you were carrying it ___18___ all these years. I want to thank you for calling me...for your sake.”
Jimmy inspired me to ___19___ all 101 items on my list within two years, and I always remember what I learned from the course: It’s never too late to ___20___the past wrongdoings.
1. A. something B. anything C. somebodyD. anybody
2. A. ashamed B. afraid C. sure D. proud
3. A. private B. secret C. interestingD. funny
4. A. foolish B. politeC. simple D. brave
5. A. expected B. suggestedC. ordered D. demanded
6. A. connect with B. depend onC. make apologize to D. get along with
7. A. improve B. continue C. realize D. keep
8. A. notes B. list C. plan D. stories
9. A. any B. mostC. noneD. all
10. A. part B. gameC. trick D. record
11. A. view B. sign C. attention D. remark
12. A. also B. even C. still D. ever
13. A. appears B. considers C. presents D. remembers
14. A. angry B. happy C. doubtful D. alive
15. A. wordsB. ringsC. repeats D. calls
16. A. cold B. plain C. nervous D. lively
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17. A. in case B. so long asC. unless D. because
18. A. around B. out C. on D. away
19. A. build up B. make up C. clear up D. give up
20. A. regretB. forgive C. right D. punish
作业【第3篇】
The greatest source of inspiration for me has always been my father. Though he's been gone for 17 years, his still resonate. He taught me how to run my own in life. But the most inspiring thing he taught me was to .
One incident is in my mind. It happened when I was a teenager. My sister and I weren’t very fond of a so-called friend of . Dad was a very generous man, and as he'd done with so many people, he'd given this fellow great help. But when he asked for a favor , the guy didn't deliver.
Dad’s outlook on most things was "Live and let live. " In this case, however, his calmness Terre and me, and we let him know it.
"How can you be nice to that man?" we said to him. "You've been so kind to him, he's not being kind back. Why would you want to give him the time of day again?" My father shrugged and said to us, "I do not bend my back with .”
I didn't it at first, but over the years I came to understand the and gives you more weight to drag around.
After my father died in 1991, a（n）came from a fellow I'd had a quarrel with years before to his sympathy. He wrote: "I thought I'd tell you how sorry I am the loss of your father. I know he wrote back. I thanked him for his our disagreement, I recalled Dad's words. "I am my father's daughter," I wrote. "And like him, I do not bend my back with yesterday.”
1. A. lecturesB. suggestions C. lessons D. pictures
2. A. engineB. race C. route D. car
3. A. forgiveB. persuade C. forgetD. excuse
4. A. vitalB. obvious C. visualD. vivid
5. A. sister’sB. mine C. father'sD. mother’s
6. A. in return B. in turn C. by return D. by turn
7. A. relaxed B. movedC. interrupted D. bothered
8. A. and B. nevertheless C. still D. so
9. A. angerB. disappointment C. worryD. yesterday
10. A. makeB. get C. workD. hear
11. A. reasonB. word C. philosophy D. sentence
12. A. change B. hurt C. upset D. disturb
13. A. stronger B. weaker C. rougher D. heavier
14. A. news B. letter C. message D. information
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15. A. explain 16. A. in B. express C. produce D. present B. with C. about D. at
B. represented C. equaled D. meant
B. sympathy C. understanding D. consideration B. mentioned C. reminded D. retold B. instructive C. inspiring D. forgiving
作业【第四篇】
17. A. showed 18. A. kindness19. A. referred 20. A. well-known
Stacy had recently moved from New York City to Stoneybrook, Connecticut. It was ___1___ for her to make new friends but she finally had three when she joined the Babysitters Club to ___2___ little children whose parents were busy. Claudia, Kristy, and Mary were in her class at school and also the other ___3___ of the club. The girls met at five o’clock on Fridays and waited for the ___4___ to ring. So far they had been busy, in spite of the ___5___ that they couldn’t stay out late and were under 13.
___6___, the girls’ world was invaded by a second group ___7___ themselves the Babysitters Agency. They were ___8___ and the group also included a few boys. The Babysitters Club tried to think of ways to ___9___ with the older group. They could clean and work for less money, however, they ___10___ it would be difficult to compete. The shock was even greater than they had ___11___ when most of their best customers started to call the new group. They ___12___ to get only a few jobs.
To try a new ___13___ Kristy recruited a few older kids who told the club they didn’t want to ___14___ their money with the other group. The club ___15___ only too quickly that these older girls joined only as spies and didn’t ___16___ for their job assignments(分派). Thus, more parents were ___17___ with the club.
Finally, the girls realized that the ___18___ in the other group were not good babysitters. They watched television, talked on the phone, and invited boyfriends to the house ___19___ they were sitting. When the children of the families started to ___20___, and a near accident almost occurred, the club went to the parents to tell them what was happening.
1. A. active 3. A. children 4. A. alarm 5. A. fact 6. A. Therefore 7. A. attracting 8. A. younger 9. A. compete 10. A. heard 11. A. damaged 12. A. hoped
B. thoughtful B. members B. traffic B. degree B. Suddenly B. finding B. cleverer B. fight B. knew B. caught B. liked
C. easy C. go through C. circles C. phone C. question C. Rergularly C. calling C. taller C. do C. promised C. expected C. refused
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D. hard
D. take advantage of D. players D. neighbor D. demand D. Unwillingly D. matching D. older D. meet D. shot D. forced D. seemed
2. A. take care of B. run into
13. A. chance
14. A. share
16. A. check up
17. A. satisfied
18. A. kids
19. A. that
20. A. blow B. possibility B. give B. end up B. unhappy B. adults B. when B. complain C. power C. provide C. found out C. look up C. curious C. systems C. where C. appreciate D. policy D. mark D. come through D. show up D. helpful D. situations D. how D. spread 15. A. put down B. paid off
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